28 January 2022

The Boy Abunda Presidential Interviews, 2022 (Leni)

source: https://youtu.be/HUDlmevnX0c
disclaimer: this is not an official transcript.
average reading time: 37 mins

note:
before remarking on errors,
check the audio from source first.

Boy: Tonight, our guest is the Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines, Vice President Leni Robredo. VP Leni, magandang gabi, welcome.

Leni: Magandang gabi. Thank you for having me.

Boy: Let's now begin our interview. Let's talk about the environment, specifically, mining which I think is one of the most controversial environmental issues. Nung Abril 2021, President Duterte lifted the 9-year moratorium on granting new mining permits through Executive Order 130. Samantala, December 2021, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources also lifted the ban on open-pit mining through Department Administrative Order No. 2021-40. Pinuri ito ng mining industry. Samantala, binatikos ito ng mga environment and human rights defenders. Ang aking katanungan, VP Leni, you are applying to become the President of the Republic of the Philippines, if elected, pagtitibayin mo ba ang desisyong ito o ipapawalang-bisa?

Leni: Ipapawalang-bisa ko. Para sa 'kin, Boy, napakahalaga pagdating sa usapin ng environment, na binibigyan at ineempower yung mga maaapektuhan. Gusto kong sabihin, binibigyan ng mekanismo yung mga stakeholders na pinapakinggan yung boses nila. Maraming mga mahahalagang batas na kailangang ipasa na. Example lang do'n yung land use, land use bill. Kailangang mapasa na 'yon bilang batas dahil yun yung magsasabi, yun yung magpapanukala, alin bang mga lugar dito sa bansa natin ang kailangang ideklara na mga no-mining zones. 'Pag hindi pa ito napapasa, yung pag-iissue natin ng mga permits ay hindi matatag yung pagiging basehan nito. Pangalawa, dun sa mga lugar na ipapayag yung mining dahil nakasaad sa Land Use Act na puwede yung gawing mga mineral sites, sisiguraduhin natin, 'no, yung makikinabang yung locality. Hindi negosyante, hindi hindi Pilipino, pero yung makikinabang, lalo na yung mga Indigenous Peoples, dapat sila yung makinabang. Dapat 'pag papayagan ito, Tito Boy, sisiguraduhin natin na yung boses nung mga maaapektuhan ay pinapakinggan. Having said that, maraming mga bagay na sila yung, parang sila yung magsasafeguard, sila yung magsasafeguard ng environment. Aasikasuhin natin yung, irarationalize natin yung mga iba't ibang mga opisina na walang overlapping ng functions, halimbawa, ng DENR, ng MGB, ng Climate Change Commission. Sisiguraduhin natin na klaro yung kanilang mga roles para yung accountability, klaro din. Sisiguraduhin natin na kahit sa pagpili ng mga mamumuno sa mga opisinang ito, pinakinggan din natin yung boses ng mga environment advocates kasi napakahalaga, Tito Boy, na yung magrerepresent sa 'kin sa cabinet, siya yung magiging alter ego ko. Siya yung alter ego ng President. Dapat nagkakasundo kami sa paniniwala, and yung paniniwalang 'yon, yung pinakapriority natin, ano ba yung makakabuti sa taumbayan, ano ba yung makakabuti sa bansa natin.

Boy: Okay. VP Leni, is this tantamount to saying na ika'y para sa total mining ban or ika'y naniniwala ba sa sustainable mining?

Leni: Ako, naniniwala ako, Boy, sa sustainable mining pero para sa 'kin kasi, yung sustainability, maaattain lang natin 'yon 'pag meron tayong maayos na mekanismo para yung mga nakatira do'n, yung mga taong mangangalaga ay binibigyan natin ng boses. Ngayon kasi...

Boy: VP, yun ang sinasabi madalas, 'no? I spoke to some people who are involved in the mining industry, and they would always say na, 'Pinangangalagaan naman namin ang mga displaced na IPs. Nagbibigay kami ng trabaho. We make sure that we don't pollute the rivers,' na kabaligtaran dahil ito ang reklamo ng mga environmental defenders.

Leni: Saka ito kasi, Tito Boy, na naaabuso. Alam mo, merong requirement sa batas na konsultasyon pero yung konsultasyon, kadalasan na ginagawa, eto, reklamo 'to, reklamo 'to ng mga taong on the ground na lagi nating nakakausap, ang kanilang reklamo ay parang masyadong superficial yung consultation na ginagawa, at hindi natin ito ipapayag, kaya nga sinasabi ko, ang pinakamahalaga, yung mekanismo. Hindi puwede na basta ka lang nagpameeting, ayun na. Sisiguraduhin natin na yung tunay na boses ng mga mamamayan, pinapakinggan, dahil kabahagi...

Boy: How do you do that, yung tunay na konsultasyon na iyong sinasabi?

Leni: Kailangan talaga, isabatas. When I was in Congress, I was the principal author of the empowerment bill. Yung empowerment bill, nilalayon niya, magiging mandatory, hindi lang sa mga local government units pero sa lahat ng mga government agencies, na magkaro'n talaga ng mga people's councils, na gustong sabihin nito, hindi lang na basta ka magpapameeting pero yung representation sa people's councils, represented yung mga mahahalagang stakeholders, and meron silang voting rights. Kabahagi sila mula sa step one, mula sa planning, hanggang sa implementation, hanggang sa monitoring, hanggang sa evaluation.

Boy: So, ang kapangyarihan ay manggagaling doon sa people's council na iyon.

Leni: Dapat. Dapat kasi sila yung apektado e.

Boy: Na ikokonsulta, at ikokonsulta ng gobyerno at saka ng mga tao na involved sa mining industry.

Leni: Saka iempower talaga sila, at 'pag sinabi kong iempower sila, kailangan, bago sila nagdedesisyon, sisiguraduhin natin na naiintindihan nila.

Boy: But you realize, VP, that meron ding mga contributions ang mining industry.

Leni: Totoo.

Boy: Sa ekonomiya...

Leni: And meron talagang mga responsible na mga mining companies, pero ang sinasabi ko...

Boy: Let's talk about the pandemic. Sa kasalukuyan po, VP Leni, dalawang bagay ang alam natin. Una, pinadapa tayo ng pandemyang ito. More than three million na ang confirmed cases dito sa ating bansa ayon sa Department of Health. Sa buong mundo naman, sabi ng John Hopkins Covid-19 dashboard ay three hundred million people na. Higit fifty million deaths na ang naitala sa Pilipinas, and more than five million naman ang buong mundo. Maraming mga Pilipino ang nawalan ng trabaho, kabuhayan, at mga mahal sa buhay. Marami ang mga nasirang relasyon, mga nasirang plano at pangarap. 'Yan, alam natin 'yan. Alam natin yung viciousness noong virus. Pangalawa, alam din natin na ang virus na ito ay napakaunpredictable. Dito sa dalawang taon, maraming variants na ang ating naririnig, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Delta Plus, Omicron. The virus acquires genetic changes. It's another way of saying, nagmumutate ang virus na ito. Paano, kailan, kung ano ang susunod, nobody knows. Ang tanong, VP Leni, given the unpredictability and the viciousness of this virus, kung ikaw, halimbawa, ang nakaupong Presidente, ano ang programa mo sa COVID-19?

Leni: Ngayong Vice President pa lang ako, Boy, naglaunch na kami ng COVID response initiatives, and ngayon, yung ginawa namin, ang pinakasadya lang talaga is to fill in the gaps. Hindi naman namin 'to mandato pero hindi puwede kasing nanonood lang kami so we shifted from one initiative to another. Nag-umpisa kami sa pagprovide ng PPE sets. Sinundan namin ng shuttle buses for frontliners. Sumunod yung mga dormitories, hanggang tinulungan na namin yung mga community marts, et cetera, et cetera, so it was a series of so many programs pero we learned a lot of lessons from that. Ano yung number one lesson? Yung number one lesson, kailangan talaga yung sense of urgency. Kailangan yung sense of urgency sa pagrespond kasi every minute, every second counts. Yung sa 'min, Tito Boy, yung aming naramdaman dito sa pagrespond dito, hindi puwedeng gagalaw ka lang 'pag perpekto mo na yung plano, hindi e. Ang kailangan, nandiyan na, gumalaw ka na. 'Pag ako, naging Pangulo, ieexpand ko 'yon, pero ako, meron na kasi akong benefit ng science, meron na 'kong benefit ng lessons from other countries, alam natin kung sinong mga bansa yung nagperform better than the others, so dapat matuto na tayo do'n. Kami, we have been following all the examples of so many countries na naging maayos na maayos yung overall COVID response, and madali na para sa 'tin kasi meron na e. Meron na tayong mga modelo. Susundan na lang natin pero ang sisiguraduhin ko lang, I will be on top of everything. 'Pag sinabi kong on top of everything, yung day-to-day na COVID response, ako mismo yung tututok. Sisiguraduhin ko na lahat ng mga, lahat, whole of government, all the agencies, all the local government units, are working harmoniously kasi yun yung tingin kong naging kakulangan ngayon. Lahat naman may ginagawa pero kulang ng konduktor kaya ang desisyon ng isang opisina, iba yung ginagawa ng iba, parang sobrang mixed yung messaging, sobrang mixed na nakita natin, na magsasabi ng ganitong desisyon, the following day, babawiin. E, yun yun nakakadagdag sa pagkaano 'yon, yung anxiety ng tao, so...

Boy: Okay. You raised two points. I'm sorry, VP Leni. Una, very, very important points, number one, marami kang mga leksyon na natutunan, mga modelo mula sa iba-ibang bansa. Can you be more specific kung anong mga leksyon, anong mga modelo ang ating pinag-uusapan?

Leni: Nung, iba-iba yun, Tito Boy, kasi, 2020, ano yun natutunan natin? Yun natutunan natin yun 2020, yung meron talagang mga pillars para sugpuin mo yun. Ano yung pillars? Yung testing, tracing, 'di ba, saka yung management ng disease. Dun pa lang, nagkulang na tayo. Iniinsist pa din nang iniinsist natin na hindi tayo magtetest nang marami kasi hindi naman kailangan. Yung contact tracing, two years after the pandemic, hindi pa din tayo nakakatake off nang maayos. Yung mga hospitals natin, two years into the pandemic, kulang pa din tayo ng health workers, so sa 'kin, kailangan, itong mga basic premises na 'to, alam na natin na eto yung pillars na kinakailangan nating gawin.

Boy: Do you do testing, do you do all these things that you're talking about before, because you don't know what's gonna happen. Hindi mo talaga alam kung kailan ang susunod na variant. Do you do these even when there is no surge?

Leni: Depende, depende. Kami talaga, ginagawa namin siya kahit nung walang surge, merong mga communities, kasi kami, Boy, meron kaming tracking system sa opisina, na tinatrack namin yung lahat ng mga local government units. Saan ba mataas yung cases, saan yung ganito, and gusto namin makatulong sa pagcontain so kahit walang surge, 'pag nakikita namin na merong lugar na medyo mataas yung cases, nag-ooffer kami.

Boy: I only raised that point dahil hindi ka puwedeng mabigla dahil alam natin na unpredictable talaga e. I mean, we know that behavior of the virus, and then you raised another point, 'I will be on top,' you know, 'Of the program, of the management of this virus.' Some of your critics may say, isn't that a bit too much of micromanagement, and you might be missing on a lot of things dahil nandun ka masyado sa detalye.

Leni: Boy, 'pag panahon ng crisis, kailangan mo magmicromanage kasi buhay ng tao yung nakataya. Ako, since March of 2020, araw-araw, I am on top of all the COVID response operations of the office, at ano 'yon a, hindi ako namili talaga ng trabaho. Nung kulang kami ng mga tao sa Bayanihan E-Konsulta, ako mismo, ako mismo nagduduty, ang nagduduty ako, yung mga unholy hours, para makatulog naman yung aming mga volunteers. 'Pag Swab Cab namin, kahit marami nagpopositive, nandiyan ako. 'Pag vaccine...

Boy: Let's talk about poverty. VP, tuwing eleksyon, maraming eleksyon, madalas, ang taumbayan, nakikita namin yung mga slogans, yung mga messages ng iba't ibang kandidato. Babalikan ko lamang ang ilan na may kinalaman sa poverty. Si President Gloria, naalala ko yung, 'Pagkain sa bawat hapag-kainan,' President Erap, 'Erap para sa mahirap,' President Aquino, 'Kung walang corrupt, walang mahirap,' so starring talaga ang mahirap 'pag eleksyon, sabi nga ng isang kaibigan. According to Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), noong October 2001, 3.27 million ang walang trabaho, October 2010, 2.79 million ang walang trabaho, October 2016, 2 million ang walang trabaho, samantala, October 2021 po, 3.5 million ang walang trabaho. Ayon naman po sa SWS (Social Weather Stations), ang ibig sabihin po nito, perception po ito, okay, ang ating mga kababayan na nagugutom in percentile, in percentages, taken to consideration yung fluctuation ng ating population, third quarter of 2001, 9.3%, third quarter of 2010, 15.9 percent, third quarter of 2016, 10.6%, September of 2021, nung nakaraang taon po, 10% or around 2.5 million Filipinos ang nagugutom. Ito po ang aking tanong, sa kasalukuyan, according to PSA, meron tayong 3.5 million Filipinos na walang trabaho, jobless, 2.5 million na mga kababayan natin na nagugutom, you're applying to be President of this country, with these urgent problems of joblessness and hunger, ano po ang inyong gagawin?

Leni: Actually, Boy, naglabas na kami ng Kabuhayan para sa Lahat Program. Niroll out namin ito nung December, last month. Marami itong, marami siyang components pero bigyan mo lang akong pagkakataon na magrundown. Ang pinakauna, ang aming paniniwala, kailangan talagang maibalik ang tiwala sa pamahalaan. Yun yung number one. 'Pag sinabi nating kailangang ibalik ang tiwala sa pamahalaan, kasi ito yung crucial element para yung business confidence sa gobyerno ay bumalik. 'Pag maraming investments, maraming trabaho. Papa'no natin ibabalik yung tiwala sa pamahalaan? Kailangan, ang gobyerno, tapat. Kailangan, yung gobyerno, maaasahan. Kailangan, yung gobyerno, hindi kurakot. Kailangan, yung gobyerno, transparent saka accountable. Yun yung number one. Yung number two, nasa Kabuhayan para sa Lahat Program, kailangan nating tutukan yung mga industries na meron tayong opportunities dito. Eto yung mga local industries. Clinassify namin ito, Boy, into three. Yung pinakauna, blue industries. Ang blue industries, maritime saka fisheries, kasi ito, archipelago yung Pilipinas. Yung lahat na binubuhos natin, para sa mga kalupaan, pero mas marami yung ating katubigan so yung opportunities, nando'n. Yung green economy, agriculture saka yung mga climate jobs saka manufacturing kasi yung manufacturing is an opportunity. Yung manufacturing, eto magbibigay ng jobs. Yung pangatlo, ang tawag namin dun, gold industries, at eto yung tech, eto yung tech saka yung digital, digital industries, kasi tingin namin, at tingin ng aming team, ang laki ng opportunity nito at eto na yung future so sa 'kin, dapat yung pamahalaan, mag-invest dito. Eto yung pag-invest sa mga local industries. Yung pangatlo, kailangan talaga natin tulungan yung mga maliliit na mga negosyante kasi ngayong pandemic, sila talaga yung dapang-dapa. Alam natin na napakalaking percentage ng mga negosyante sa atin, mga maliliit, at sila yun naggegenerate ng mga maraming trabaho para sa 'tin so ako, ang proposal ko do'n, dapat sana, na number one, magbigay na ng conditional na stimulus grant para sa mga maliliit na negosyante. Yung condition nun, para 'wag siyang magtanggal ng mga empleyado, tulungan siya ng pamahalaan na magkaro'n ng kapital para mabuhay ulit yung kanyang negosyo. Yun yung number one. Yung number two, kailangan, access sa capital, kahit mga low-interest loans para dun sa mga negosyo na meron namang pambayad sa loans. Kailangan niya lang ng access para mabuhay niya ulit. Ang number three, kailangan talaga yung access sa, hindi lang access sa capital, pero access sa market, and sinubukan na namin 'to many, many times over. Halimbawa, yung ating mga, ating mga farmers, kailangan, gobyerno na yung bumibili ng mga produkto niya kasi yung gobyerno naman, kailangan niya ng pagkain para ipapamigay sa tao. Gobyerno yung pinakamalaking opportunity para sa mga maliliit natin na negosyante na makabangon muli.

Boy: Oo, okay. VP Leni, urgent yung gutom, you know, it's something that's immediate. Walang makain ngayon. We're talking about people who, 2.5 million Filipinos are hungry. So, napakinggan ko yung 'yong diskurso, yung solusyon, 'di ba, and naiintindihan ko 'yon pero gaano kabilis ang resulta no'n?

Leni: Hindi niya mapapawi yung gutom ngayon so ang kinakailangan...

Boy: Okay. So, meron ka ba do'n sa iyong programa na may short-term, long-term solution?

Leni: Yes. Actually, yung trabaho, both short- and long-term yun, Boy, pero yung ngayon, yung mga hindi nakakapasok, yung hindi nakakapasok kasi nagkasakit, o hindi nakakapasok kasi nagsara yung opisina.

Boy: What do you do to that?

Leni: Sa amin, Boy, nagbibigay kami ng mga ayuda pero dapat kasi mas mekanismo again e, mas mekanismo. Yung number one na pinopropose namin dito, maliban sa ayuda, ang 'pag sinabing ayuda, sinisiguro mo, may pagkain araw-araw, pero maliban do'n, kailangan sana, meron tayong unemployment insurance para yung mga nawawalan ng trabaho, na hindi naman nila kasalanan, at least, may safety net man lang sila.

Boy: Anong pagkakaiba, VP, ng ayuda at saka ng dole out?

Leni: Actually, ang ayuda, Boy, is dole out pero ito kasi, crisis situation ito e. Parang halimbawa, binagyo yung lugar na 'to, walang kuryente, walang tubig, wala silang makain...

Boy: So, it's an immediate solution to the problem.

Leni: Yes.

Boy: Okay.

Leni: Pero it's short-term. Ang tao, mas maaappreciate niya kung maliban sa ayuda, bigyan mo siya ng pagkakataon makapagtrabaho kasi mas long-term yun para sa kanya.

Boy: Okay. Let's now go to migrants, overseas Filipino workers. As of September 2019, ang estimate po ay 2.2 million OFWs worldwide according to the Philippine Statistics Authority again, 96.8% percent po nito ay may mga kontrata. Ang natitira po ay, ito'y mga walang kontrata. Sa remittances naman po, dahil napapag-usapan rin natin 'to madalas, ang mga bagong bayani, na ang nagbubuhay ng ating ekonomiya ay ang OFWs, bahagya, I mean, I'm not saying totally, ay 28.9 billion US dollars noong 2018, 30.1 billion US dollars noong 2019, 29.9 billion dollars noong 2020, at 25.9 billion dollars as of October 2021. Noong 2018 po, remittances sent by OFWs accounted for eleven percent of the total GDP of the country. Sa kabilang dako naman nito, so, merong napakalaki ng contribution, na napakalaki ng pera po na kanilang ipinapadala dito sa Pilipinas, sa kabilang dako po, may tinatawag na social cost. Ito yung sinasabi ng mga experts na unquantifiable, and that contributes to the destruction of the Filipino family. Ang aking tanong, VP Leni, how do you balance the economic contributions of the OFWs and the unquantifiable social cost of migration that leads to the destruction of the Filipino family?

Leni: Ako, again, Boy, isesegment ko yung aking sagot do'n. Yung number one, dapat ang overarching principle natin, yung mga kababayan natin, magtatrabaho sila abroad kasi yun yung gusto nila. Ang gusto ko sabihin, it is by choice and not by necessity. Ang problema kasi ngayon, kahit ayaw naman nilang iwan yung mga pamilya nila, wala silang choice kasi walang available na trabaho dito. So, papa'no yun mangyayari? Kailangan, ayusin natin yung economy natin para yung mga kababayan natin na umalis, nalulungkot na sa mga pamilya nila, gustong bumalik, may babalikan, kasi minsan, gusto naman nila bumalik, hindi sila makabalik kasi wala silang babalikan. Halimbawa, merong mga OFWs na nagretire na abroad, gusto nang dito magretire pero hindi nila maiwan yung kanilang mga tinatrabahuhan na bansa because of health care, dahil hindi natin maoffer sa kanila yung naooffer sa kanila nung kanilang, yung kanilang bansang pinagtrabahuhan. Yun yung number one, so kailangan, ayusin natin. Ayusin natin para hindi sila napipilitan, pero yung number two, yung mga umaalis at nag-aabroad, dapat ay binibigyan natin sila ng pagkakataon na mas maganda yung mga trabahong makukuha nila, and example lang nito, Boy, andami sa 'tin mga seafarers. Andami sa 'tin mga seafarers pero 'pag tiningnan mo, dun sa mga seafarers na umaalis, kaunting percentage lang sa kanila yung opisyal. Kaunting percentage lang yung opisyal. 'Pag tiningnan mo yung suweldo nung opisyal saka hindi opisyal, ang layo, so, pero ang gobyerno, meron siyang capacity na magprovide ng programa para yung mga nag-aambisyon maging seafarers abroad, pupunta sila, merong cadetship program para puwede silang maging opisyal. Unang-una, mas mataas yung suweldo nila. Pangalawa, mas mataas yung remittances, 'di ba? Pareho din 'yan. Yung mga nagdodomestic workers, yung mga ibang mga nagtatrabaho na paminsan, pupunta dun, underemployed. Mga teachers pero pupunta dun, mag-aalaga ng bata.

Boy: Mga doktor who choose to be nurses.

Leni: 'Di ba?

Boy: Pero, VP, pupuntahan ko yung dalawang points, because you discussed about a situation where sana yung dumating yung panahon na choice nila mag-abroad, hindi yung napipilitan but that's not real today. That's not real today. Let's talk about the reality today na kinakailangan, I just wanted to raise some points, kinakailangan magtrabaho abroad para masustain ang pamilya.

Leni: Mabuhay niya yung pamilya niya.

Boy: Mabuhay ang pamilya dito. There's another layer to this discussion. For lack of a better term, we also have dramatized, you know, the OFWs, and I don't mean to demean the contributions of the OFWs, na para bagang bagong bayani which denies, you know, the fact that they are there, hirap na hirap ang sitwasyon, et cetera, so, my question is, okay, let's be real, kailangan ng trabaho, napipilitan magtrabaho, what do you do?

Leni: Eto nga, Boy, eto yung first part ng sagot, 'di ba, kasi ito, mas long-term e. Gagawan mo talaga ng programa, pero yung retrainings, skills training, puwede na natin 'yon gawin ngayon, pero yung pangatlo, sa Naga, meron na kaming sinimulan na migrant resource office. Ito, ang attempt nito ay mabawasan yung social cost, meaning to say, merong pagkakataon na binibigay sa mga families na naiiwan, na pinapaintindi sa kanila, anong klase yun trabaho, yung anytime na gusto nila macontact yung kanilang mga pamilya, yung perang ipapadala sa kanila, merong may mga financial literacy programs, so, ano siya, buong programa...

Boy: Pero, VP, to be very extreme about it, do you look forward to a day when, I'm not even talking about choices at napilitan, 'no, na walang OFW?

Leni: Parang imposible 'yon.

Boy: Imposible 'yon.

Leni: Imposible 'yon.

Boy: Oo.

Leni: Kasi meron naman talagang mga Pilipino na hindi naman kailangan mag-abroad pero gusto nila.

Boy: But you realize also the cost.

Leni: Yes, pero ito kasi, ako kasi, 'pag ginusto mo, yung preparation dun sa social cost, mas handa ka, pero iba kasi e, iba 'pag napilitan ka lang. Iba 'pag napilitan ka lang. Halimbawa, marami yung iiwanan yung mga anak nila na bagong panganak, o mga baby pa, pero iiwan nila, mag-aalaga sila ng ibang bata kasi kailangan e.

Boy: At pagbalik nila, hindi na sila kilala ng kanilang mga anak.

Leni: Hindi na sila kilala.

Boy: And that's unquantifiable.

Leni: And nung nag-aabogado ako, Boy, andaming mga naghihiwalay na mga asawa because of the long separation.

Boy: Let's talk about social media. Ito naman, pag-usapan natin ang internet, at ang social media, pero dito tayo, VP Leni, pumunta, I want to talk about pornography. 2021, year-in-review report ng Pornhub, isang online adult video streaming website sa internet. Sabi dito, ang mga Pinoy spend eleven minutes, thirty seconds watching porn, making the Philippines top one. Nalampasahan ho natin dito ang Japan at ang France. Some of the known social media sites, apps, ang Twitter ho ngayon, medyo nagiging source na rin ng porn, Snapchat, and may mga Facebook groups, na have been used as alternative porn site. Si Billie Eilish is an American, Grammy Award-winning songwriter-singer. Eleven years old, she got exposed to porn, she got addicted, she indulged in sex, multiple partners, and yun ang naging standard. Akala niya, violent ang sex, and in her words, porn destroyed her brain. She felt devastated. She had nightmares, sleep paralysis. 'My mental health,' 'ika niya, 'Was damaged.' Last December, she turned twenty, si Billie Eilish, kilala 'to ng mga bata, and she's now on the road to recovery. Tanong, nalaman at naconfirm mo, hypothetical ito, VP Leni, nalaman at naconfirm mo na ang iyong anak ay addicted to cyber porn. Bilang magulang, ano ang gagawin mo, at bilang Presidente, again, because you're applying for the highest position of the land, bilang Presidente, paano ito makakaapekto sa iyong polisiya on the welfare and protection of children?

Leni: Ako, number one, bilang nanay, bilang nanay, ang pinakapriority ko, gumaling yung anak ko kasi sakit siya e. Gumaling yung anak ko, sisiguraduhin ko na tatanda siya na hindi niya dala-dala yung trauma galing dun sa pinagdaanan niya, pero bilang Presidente, andami kong puwedeng gawin. Yung isang wala sa 'tin ngayon, Boy, wala tayong batas na nagseeseek to make accountable etong mga social media sites. Ang gusto kong sabihin, kung anong ilalabas sa Facebook, kung ano ilalabas sa Twitter, kung anong ilalabas sa YouTube, whether porn 'yan, whether fake news, wala tayong kontrol so para sa 'kin, kailangang magkaro'n tayo ng batas na cinicriminalize natin, pinepenalize natin yung mga social media sites for them to be accountable and to be responsible, na hindi dapat 'to accessible sa mga tao, na wala pa siyang kahandaan magprocess, and in this case, yung example mo, mga bata na naaaddict, na nagiging addicted to that, because it's accessible, so dapat maging accountable, dapat maging responsible yung mga social media sites. Sisiguraduhin nila na yung content, accessible lang sa mga tao na kayang madigest yung content na 'yon.

Boy: Pero may responsibility dito ang magulang.

Leni: Merong responsibility ang magulang, kaya nga...

Boy: You know, in the discussion about access to the sites.

Leni: Hindi, kaya nga ako, Boy, ang paniniwala ko talaga, lahat, hindi lang dito sa issueng ito, pero ang paniniwala ko talaga, sa lahat, na pinakasusi para maganda yung operationalization saka implementation ng mga policy, lagi talaga siyang, lagi talaga siyang pinagtutulungan ng mga communities.

Boy: Okay, I get that. Yung sinasabi niyo pong kontrol, isn't that censorship?

Leni: Hindi yun censor, hindi yun...

Boy: You're talking about control, oo, 'di ba? You're talking about control. Isn't that...

Leni: Pero yung sa 'kin, hindi kontrol, pero ginagawa mo silang accountable, na dapat sila ay sinisiguro nila na yung mga lalabas sa kanilang social media platform ay ang makakaaccess no'n, yung mga tao na tama na yung mental saka psychological saka siguro...

Boy: VP, can that be legislated?

Leni: Yes, it can.

Boy: I mean, knowing...

Leni: Actually, eto yung pinaglalaban ngayon ni Maria Ressa. Eto yung content na pinaglalaban niya after she won, even before she won the Nobel Peace Prize, na yung social media platforms have been abused in many varied ways already, in many countries...

Boy: But you have to address the abuses because napakarami rin ng magandang nagawa ng social media at saka ng internet, 'no?

Leni: Yes, yes, kaya nga abuse siya kasi...

Boy: Correct, kaya nga abuse, oo.

Leni: Dapat sana, 'di ba, dapat sana yung social media, maganda yung naidulot niya sa 'tin kasi bigla na lang that the world has become so small and everything is in our grasp pero dapat kasi inaayos natin yung accountability, accountability ng mga tao saka mga organisasyon saka mga negosyo, na merong kontrol sa content na nilalabas nila. Ang gusto ko sabihin...

Boy: No, that's why yung control sa content, to me, it's a bit, it's bordering on, doesn't it border on censorship?

Leni: Pero sa 'kin, sa 'kin kasi, Boy...

Boy: Doesn't that infringe into the freedom of speech?

Leni: It depends on how the law will be passed, how, what the version of the law will be passed.

Boy: How would it be in your administration?

Leni: Pero sa 'kin, sa 'kin, Boy, mas sisiguraduhin ko na, halimbawa, merong porn sa aking site, hindi siya accessible sa mga bata, so, ako, hindi ako digital person pero I'm sure there should be a way kasi ngayon naman, meron na mga apps, 'di ba? Meron na ngayong mga apps, na yung mga magulang can control what their children can access, so it should be, you know, it should be a collaboration between the social media platforms, the families, schools, pati yung pamahalaan, so it is very doable.

Boy: It's doable within a certain period of time pero ngayon, 'pag tiningnan mo kasi, VP, ang social media ecosystem, where would you start?

Leni: Saka hindi siya static, 'di ba? Yung social media of ten years ago is so different from the social media now.

Boy: Social media today.

Leni: So, dapat talaga, Boy, yung batas ay hindi din static. Dapat sinasabayan niya yung demands of the time pero ang klaro dapat sa isip ng mga legislators, na ang pinakaprimary purpose is the protection of the people.

Boy: Specially, children.

Leni: Specially, children.

Boy: Let's now go to abortion, rape-related abortion. Sabi ng PINSAN (Philippine Safe Abortion Advocacy Network) at EnGendeRights, Inc., ito po yung mga data na ating nakuha, a Filipino woman or girl is raped every seventy-five minutes, about one in every eight Filipino women, who resort to abortion, is a rape survivor, seventy women induce abortion every hour, complications from unsafe abortion is one of the five leading causes of maternal death and leading cause of hospitalization in our country, in 2012 alone, six hundred ten thousand Filipino women induced abortion, over one hundred thousand women were hospitalized, and one thousand women died due to unsafe abortion complications, since there is no access to safe abortion in the country, at least, at least po, three women die everyday from unsafe abortion complications, and based on statistics, the number of induced abortions increases proportionately with the increasing Philippine population which means that the number will keep increasing as we will, if we don't act on it, kasi nga nagfufluctuate yung numbers. My question is, is it time to enact a law on abortion that would allow pregnant rape victims the choice of legal and safe abortion?

Leni: Ako, alam mo, I will be very honest with you, Boy. This is a topic that I'm very conflicted about because of the data that you had mentioned. I was a member of an NGO na talagang tinutulak yung pagdecriminalize, at least, magdecriminalize ng abortion para naiiwasan yung unsafe na mga ginagawa, pero the reason why I'm so conflicted about it, kasi ako, my faith teaches me na bawal talaga yung magpatay. Ang inaallow lang sa atin, Boy, na parang yung legal abortion, kung endangered yung life ng mother. Kung endangered yung life nung mother ay inaallow in very rare instances, and I think that should continue pero having said that, ako, kontra ako sa abortion, pero sa 'kin, bukas akong pag-usapan yung decriminalization ng abortion. I would like to listen to more people about it. I've listened to so much already, pero it is something that we should, mahirap yung balancing act e, kasi 'pag nakita natin yung ipinaglalaban ng mga sumusulong sa decriminalization ng abortion, meron naman silang dahilan, kasi 'pag bawal kasi, nagiging underground siya e, and 'pag naging underground siya, mas unsafe. 'Di ba, mas unsafe kasi, dahil hindi mo pinapayag, marami yung nagreresort sa mas, mga practices na hindi talaga siya medically safe, so sa akin, while I'm open to discussing decriminalizing abortion, if you ask me now, if I am for or against it, I'm against abortion.

Boy: Okay, pero may nasabi ka kanina na in certain instances, VP, na 'pag nasa danger ang buhay ng nanay, can you...

Leni: It is allowed.

Boy: It is allowed. Can you expound on it?

Leni: 'Pag nasa danger kasi yung buhay ng nanay, ang practice talaga, Boy, ang pinakauna, sinasave talaga yung nanay, and I think that should continue.

Boy: But doesn't that go against what the church says, dahil ang church, walang buts at walang ifs e. Ang simbahan, sinasabi, abortion, hindi.

Leni: Pero sa 'kin kasi, Boy...

Boy: Because you mentioned faith, VP.

Leni: Kaya nga sinasabi ko na contentious siya e. Contentious siya kasi if you are involved in the day-to-day, if you are involved in the day-to-day, like I was, when I was still a practicing alternative lawyer, you come across so many, you come across so many victims of rape, you come across so many unsafe pregnancies, lalo na, Boy, kasi kadalasan, yung biktima ng rape, mga minors, and talagang 'pag minor nagbuntis ay talagang laging questionable yung safety nung nagbubuntis...

Boy: Dahil ang katawan ng minor ay hindi pangnanay pa.

Leni: Ano talaga, in fact, we're doing a program with UNDP on teenage pregnancies, and ako, I would have to admit, I'm so, I'm conflicted. My faith tells me that abortion is not to be allowed. Ako, ako...

Boy: Have you had discussions with priests, with your counselors, with...

Leni: Yes, yes, a lot of discussions already, and...

Boy: Okay, alright, so, you've expressed your views that, in as much as you are against abortion, you're conflicted and...

Leni: I'm conflicted.

Boy: You're a work in progress, 'ika nga.

Leni: Totoo, kaya nga sinasabi ko, Boy, I'm open to more discussions about it kasi ako, ang paniniwala ko, masama siya pero yung realities kasi, and the lessons from other countries also, kaya ako, I know of a lot of friends from the NGO community who are really pushing for decriminalization of abortion.

Boy: Oo. VP, meron nga, mga kuwento, isang doktor na nagbuntis dahil nirape siya ng nagpaaral sa kanya. May isang babae na may dwarfism, nabuntis because unsafe din ang kanyang abortion. Maraming mga kuwentong gano'n, at tsaka kung babalikan natin yung istatistika na may kinalaman sa mga bansa na dati, mga Katoliko, I mean, the Catholic countries, Brazil, kung tagasaan ang ating Santo Papa, at maraming pang mga bayan, ay bukas na, on certain conditions. Meron nga, mga bayan na upon request of the woman ay puwede ang abortion.

Leni: Dun naman ako, Boy...

Boy: Hindi ka puwede do'n.

Leni: Hindi ako puwede do'n.

Boy: Because that's arbitrary.

Leni: Ako, klaro yun sa 'kin. Klaro yun sa 'kin kasi para sa 'kin, yung pagbubuntis is a responsibility.

Boy: Pero, hindi ba, pagpapahalaga 'yan doon sa babae, doon sa, that's women's rights, you know?

Leni: Totoo, and talaga, yung women's rights advocates, Boy, talagang merong mga diskusyon about this pero sa 'kin kasi, Boy, napakaklaro sa akin nun e.

Boy: Let's talk about drugs, and iquoquote ko lamang ang sinabi ni President Duterte, and I quote, 'I feel so bad about,' you know, 'All of these things kasi nalaman ko, paano ko makontrol in three to six months,' this was a declaration, I think, early on, or in the middle of his Presidency, 'Ang mga generals na pulis, nandiyan, tapos yung mga Bureau of Customs na inaasahan ko, PI, nasa droga. How will I succeed, e, nasa droga? Alam ko na nagkamali ako. Nagkamali talaga ako. Now, magtanong kayo, ang Pilipinas, are we or are we not a narcotics country? Yes, we are,' sabi ng Presidente. 'Sabi ko, tama 'yang silang mga kritiko ko, 'E, sabi mo, noong nag-Presidente ka, three to six months.' Hindi ko alam. Hindi ko alam pagpasok ko. E, Davao lang kasi ako so ang template ko, Davao. May droga pero sabi ko, maglaro ka do'n, patay ka talaga. Give me another six months. That self-imposed time of three to six months, well, I did not realize how severe and how serious the problem of drug menace in this Republic until I became President.' My question, VP Leni, you are applying to be, you know, the President of the country, ito, gusto ko malaman, how much do you know about illegal drugs in this country, at gaano kalala ito? Uulitin ko yung tanong ni Presidente, are we, are we not a narco-country? Depende sa 'yong kaalaman tungkol sa problema ng illegal drugs, ano ang programa mo laban dito?

Leni: I was given the opportunity to be ICAD co-chair, yung ICAD yung inter-agency task force, for eighteen days pero those eighteen days gave me enough opportunity to assess what was wrong with the anti-drug program, and at the end of the eighteen days, naglabas kami ng comprehensive na assessment of what was wrong, and naglabas kami ng mga, ano yung pakiramdam namin na dapat gawin. Ano 'to, five points ito, Boy. Yung pinakauna, how to maximize ICAD as the inter-agency task force. Andaming punto nito. We don't have time pero ito, example lang do'n, the reason why sobrang street-level enforcement yung anti-drug campaign, na dapat sana whole-of-government approach, nakakatulong dun sa much, ano 'to, emphasis on street-level enforcement kasi yung chairman is PDEA. Para sa 'kin, dapat sana yung chairman ng ICAD should be DDB, the Dangerous Drugs Board, kasi yun Dangerous Drugs Board is policy making. 'Pag DDB yung magchairman, ang chance na mas whole-of-government approach yung gagawin, mas malaki, so yun yung number one. Yung number two, 'pag tiningnan mo talaga yung ating datos, hindi siya kumpleto. In fact, when I was in ICAD, ongoing pa lang yung survey kung ilan ba talaga yung mga drug users. Natapos na yung survery after I was ICAD chair pero kahit meron na tayong datos na gano'n, sobrang raw and sobrang basic. Hindi nga natin alam kung ano nang, yung mga nahuhuli, yung mga nagsusurrender, ano nang...

Boy: VP, I'll let you continue ha, pero tama ka do'n kasi kahit yung datos ng Dangerous Drugs Board, I mean, I did extensive research for this interview, na ang kanilang basehan lamang ay yung mga facilities na non-government so kung titingnan mo, since twenty years ago, wala kang masyadong makukuha. Go ahead, please.

Leni: Ngayon nga, andami nating surrenderees, andaming nahuli. Hindi nga natin alam ano na yung interventions na ginawa nila. Ang iba, meron datos. Ang iba, wala, so yun number two, data. Yung number three, 'pag tiningnan mo yung budget for the entire anti-drug program, a large bulk of the budget is on street enforcement. Ako, this is wrong in so many instances. Unang-una, alam natin na kahit patulan natin nang patulan yung mga street-level na mga drug users, o small-time drug pushers, kung hindi natin tinututukan yung constriction ng supply, tuluy-tuloy lang 'yon.

Boy: Number three po 'yan. Anong number four po?

Leni: Ang number four, alisin na yung tokhang.

Boy: Okay. Number five?

Leni: Ang number five, dapat yung mga law enforcement agencies natin, itutok na yung kanilang energy sa supply constriction, yung mga drug pushers na.

Boy: Okay. To the best of your knowledge, Vice President Leni, are we a narco-country?

Leni: No.

Boy: Why do you say so?

Leni: The drug problem is huge, and ako, naniniwala ako na we have to pursue it with as much vigor pero there is a way of doing it.

Boy: As President of the Republic of the Philippines, can you give yourself a deadline? I mean, can you solve the drug problem in three, six, nine, twelve months? Would you dare say it?

Leni: I won't pero ang commitment ko, Boy, na we will be much better off after six years. Ako, ang drug problem, grabe. Kailangan natin ng mga legislation. Hindi nga natin mahiwalay yung user saka pusher, e, iba yung intervention no'n. Dapat mainstitutionalize natin yung community-based na rehabilitation kasi dun sa mga, sa mga habitual users na hindi naman mga addicted to it, kailangan, community-based yun e.

Boy: You know, my question started with, actually, how much do you know, gaano mo kakilala ang isang drug-dependent, halimbawa? Would you have an idea? Alam mo kung bakit naaaddict ang isang tao, because to me, it's an issue of what, loneliness, happiness, broken families, it's a search for, it's a journey towards something? Do you talk about four to six hours kind of happiness, seizure, may mga peak, may mga follow-up, all kinds of drugs, how much do you know about drugs?

Leni: It is just like any other addiction which should be treated kaya sa 'kin, para sa 'kin ay yung mga users talaga, kailangan nitong tingnan natin from a science-based...

Boy: Okay. Let's talk about the Philippine debt, utang. Here's the data from the Bureau of the Treasury, nang matapos ang termino ni President Erap, ang utang ng Pilipinas ay 2.6 trillion pesos, pagkatapos ni President Arroyo, umakyat na ito ng 5.1 trillion, umabot sa 6.5 trillion pesos nang matapos ang termino ni President Aquino, as of end November 2021, ngayong administrasyon Duterte, total Philippine debt is at 11.93 trillion pesos. Naririnig ko ito, at alam ko, naririnig ho natin ito, hindi ka pa ipinapanganak, hindi pa ipinapanganak ang isang bata, e, nagbabayad ka na ng utang dahil sa laki ng utang ng Pilipinas. Ang aking tanong, kung papalarin ka, Vice President Leni, na manalo bilang Presidente ng Pilipinas, paano mo babayaran ang utang na ito?

Leni: Ako, number one, I will honor the commitments kasi nakasalalay yung integrity ng bansa natin pero sisiguraduhin ko...

Boy: How will, I'm sorry. Go ahead.

Leni: Sisiguraduhin ko na yung inutang natin, lalo in the last few years, na dun talaga tumambak yung utang natin, sisiguraduhin ko na yung perang inutang natin ay napunta siya sa mga bagay na ang return sa 'tin, a thousand fold kasi kung umutang tayo, tapos yung return sa 'tin ay hindi naman malaki, bakit pa tayo umutang, so ako, susuriin ko lahat ng utang na ginawa, saan ba yun ginastos, sisiguraduhin ko na mapunta siya sa mga dapat papuntahan. Alam mo, Boy, hindi naman masama umutang. Hindi masama ang umutang kung kinakailangan talaga ito, and as I have said, yung returns nito sa atin, mas malaki kaysa dun sa inutang mo, pero masama ang utang kung ito ay napunta sa corruption. Masama ang utang kung ito, napunta sa mga bagay na hindi naman yung karamihan sa mga Pilipino ang makikinabang, so yung sa 'kin, having said that, 'pag tiningnan natin yung sinasabi natin na debt-to-GDP ratio, nagsimula tayo, pre-pandemic, forty, if I am not mistaken, forty-four percent yung debt-to-GDP ratio. Gustong sabihin no'n, meron pa tayong elbow room umutang, so dahil nangailangan tayo ng maraming pera during the pandemic, okay na umutang, pero ngayon, 'pag tiningnan natin ang debt-to-GDP ratio natin, nasa sixty percent na. Wala na tayong elbow room. Ang gusto kong sabihin, more than sixty percent, delikado na tayo na baka hindi natin mabayaran, so anong dapat nating gawin? Una, ayusin natin, na yung mga inutang natin, mapunta sa mabuti. Ang number two, kailangang mag-exert tayo ng maraming effort mapataas yung GDP natin. Mapapataas natin yung GDP natin, babalik ako dun sa unang tinanong mo about jobs, about economy, aayusin natin yung pamahalaan. Aayusin natin yung mga institusyon, aayusin natin yung tiwala ng tao sa pamahalaan, kasi yun lang yung paraan kung papa'no natin mapapalakas ulit yung ating GDP, ang ating growth rate, so yun yung mga kailangang gawin.

Boy: You mentioned about corruption. There is an estimate that twenty percent of the national budget goes to corruption. Your comment.

Leni: Totoo yun, and ang sa 'kin, Boy, it is not enough that I say na hindi ako magiging kurakot pero ang sasabihin ko lang, ang commitment ko 'pag ako, Presidente na, sisiguraduhin ko na malegislate yung mga mechanisms to prevent corruption. Ano yung mga mechanisms na yun? Making sure that all government procurement, processes are transparent. Nagfile ako ng bill nito, full disclosure bill, even without need of request from the people, yung lahat na ginagastos ng gobyerno, lahat na kontratang pinapasukan, dapat available yun to the public.

Boy: Okay. VP, paano mo babayaran, during your administration, would you do something like yung ginagawa na twenty percent of the national budget actually goes to debt management?

Leni: Kinakailangan, kinakailangan.

Boy: Kailangan 'yon.

Leni: Pero...

Boy: Kasi maganda raw tayong debtor. Yun ang aking, lumalabas sa research. Hindi tayo masyadong, pinauutang tayo dahil nagbabayad naman daw tayo.

Leni: Oo. Kung, ako, naalala ko kasi, economics student ako nung 1986, when the EDSA Revolution happened, this is the same question, kasi grabe yung utang ng Pilipinas pero tayo, ginapang natin e. Ginapang natin 'yon.

Boy: Yeah, but that was less than thirty billion.

Leni: Yes.

Boy: Yes.

Leni: Pero ginapang natin 'yon, ginapang natin. Pinakita natin na we will honor all our debts. Nakiusap tayo. Nakiusap tayo sa mga nagpautang sa 'tin na bigyan tayo ng mas malaking elbow room para mabayaran natin, and yung ating standing sa international community, naregain natin dahil we honored our commitments, so ngayon, obligado tayo to honor our commitments pero hahabulin natin yung mga inutang natin, saan ba yun napunta, sisiguraduhin natin na napunta yun sa mabuti, 'yon, yung GDP na...

Boy: Okay, and we make sure that we don't get trapped. I know Uganda as a country denies this, and China, na isang araw, gumising na lamang, 'di umano, na ang isang airport ay pag-aari na ng Tsina.

Leni: 'Di ba.

Boy: Ang karanasan ng Laos at ang karanasan ng Sri Lanka, na may mga ports na pag-aari na ng pinagkakautangan nila.

Leni: Ayaw nating mangyari yun sa 'tin.

Boy: That's right, oo, kaya ang sinasabi mo, dapat alam kung saan mapupunta ito, so, are you talking again about mechanisms, are you talking about...

Leni: Yung sinasabi ko kanina, yung mechanisms against corruption 'yon. Yung transparency, accountability...

Boy: Oo. No, but that can also apply...

Leni: Yes, yes.

Boy: To debt management.

Leni: Totoo, kasi ito, ito yung parati kong ineexplain sa mga kausap ko, Boy, na tayo, tayong mga tao, ang parati ko ngang pinapakita dito, 'pag kumakanta tayo sa banyo, kahit sintunado, okay, kasi walang nakikinig e...

Boy: Let's talk about the West Philippine Sea, VP Leni. Sa kasalukuyan, ang Spratly Islands, we're not claiming the whole of the Spratly Islands. To be very specific, ang kasama sa West Philippine Sea ay ang Kalayaan Islands Group, okay, at merong mga, mga isla po, Subi, Mischief Reefs, na natayuan na po ng mga hangars, underground storage, missile shelters, radar arrays, and other facilities ng Tsina. Noong July 12, 2016, naglabas ng desisyon ang Permanent Court of Arbitration, PCA po, pabor sa Pilipinas sa issue ng West Philippine Sea pero despite this, tuloy pa rin ang Tsina sa pagtatayo ng mga artificial islands at infrastructures sa mga teritoryong inaangkin nila na atin. Tuloy din tayo sa pagfifile ng diplomatic protests. As of December of 2021, we have filed two hundred forty-one protests, diplomatic protests. Sinagot naman tayo ng Tsina, one hundred fifty-two times. Tanong, dahil 'pag ika'y pinalad na maging Presidente, you will also be the chief architect of foreign policy. If all diplomatic efforts fail, bilang Presidente, do you think, VP Leni, the Philippines is strong enough and prepared to fight a defensive war against China to protect our territorial sovereignty?

Leni: Ako, paniniwala ko, Boy, hindi natin kailangan dumating sa puntong 'yon. Unang-una, meron tayong arbitral ruling na pabor sa atin. Ang pinakabuod nung arbitral ruling na 'yon, atin ang West Philippine Sea. Dahil atin yun, ipaglalaban natin yun pero having said that, ang laging punto, ang focus ng lahat na efforts, ano yung makakabuti sa best interest ng Pilipino, ano yung makakabuti sa best interest ng bansa, hindi lang ito sovereignty, Boy, e, pero kabuhayan ito e, kabuhayan ng ating mangingisda, ngayon, dadating na tayo sa time na magkakaproblema tayo sa supply ng kuryente, 'di eto yung, 'di ba, yung resource na manggagaling dito sa West Philippine Sea? Parang eto yung sustainability natin as a country, so having said that, dapat pinaglalaban natin. Una, ako, I am all for nurturing our very important relationship with China pero that relationship with China should be based on mutual respect and adherence to international law. Yun yung sa 'kin. Pangalawa, yun para sa 'kin, that decision of the arbitral court of tribunal, we should leverage that para yung coalition of nations na kasama natin sa pagprotect ng West Philippine Sea, mabuo natin kasi kung hindi tayo gumagalaw, bakit naman aasahan natin yung iba na gumalaw, so para sa 'kin, Boy, napakalaking win yung ating pinanalunan nung 2016. Maraming mga bansa na naghihintay kung anong gagawin natin. Hindi tayo kailangang pumasok sa giyera. Ang kailangan lang natin, mag-enter tayo into alliances with traditional and emerging partners, allies, para tulungan tayo sa pagprotect ng West Philippine Sea.

Boy: Okay. VP Leni, ang international tribunal court ay inimbitahan lamang, because you can only invite a country, ang nangyari, tinanggihan ng Tsina, 'Ayokong magparticipate,' so may mga kritiko na nagsasabi, 'Paano kayo nanalo? E, wala naman kayong kalaban doon sa arbitration,' at ang isa pa dito ay ang sinasabi ng Tsina ay, 'Infirm ang inyong reklamo, at saka ang inyong mga allegations ay hindi totoo tapos yun ang inyong kinakatigan. Ang gusto namin, bilateral talks.'

Leni: Alam mo, Boy, antagal ko nang sinasabi na sa issue ng West Philippine Sea, hindi magiging favorable sa Pilipinas ang bilateral talks kasi napakalaking bansa ng Tsina. Yung sa 'kin, yung multilateral na pag-uusap, yung pag-angkat natin ng kaso sa international arbitral court, eto talaga yung mechanism para meron tayo ng laban.

Boy: VP, so, tuluy-tuloy lamang 'yon, nagpoprotesta tayo pero they continue to build facilities, halimbawa, doon sa ating West Philippine Sea so what happens, kasi ang pinupunto ko ay maliit tayong bayan, and I am also against war pero huwag nating kalimutan, '79, there was that bloody border war between China and Vietnam, so, minsan, walang kinalaman ang laki ng bansa kung ang pinaglalaban ay sovereignty. Pagkatao na natin 'to e.

Leni: Pero sa 'kin a, Boy, andami natin puwedeng gawin. Unang-una, kailangan, pinapalakas natin yung ating defense. Pinapalakas natin yung ating defense, naglalaan tayo ng pera para siguraduhin na yung kinakailangan natin para depensahan yung sarili natin ay kaya natin pero having said that, again, sa atin, yung pinakaano kasi, low-hanging fruit, na to leverage that decision to form a coalition of nations para ang coalition of nations, mas malakas yun, kaysa mag-isa lang tayo, and 'yon, kaya ko sinasabing low-hanging fruit kasi willing yung mga bansa, willing yung mga bansa to...

Boy: What countries are you talking about? Countries are also involved in the South China Sea. Napakahalaga po ng South China Sea na diskusyon dahil over five trillion dollar trade ang dumadaan diyan sa pathway na 'yan.

Leni: Totoo, kaya nga, Boy, kung nakikita mo ngayon, sino ba yung mga nag-iinteres, aside from those directly affected, kasi yun those directly affected nung mga...

Boy: We're talking about Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia...

Leni: Vietnam.

Boy: Vietnam, yes.

Leni: Aside from that, kung nakikita mo ngayon, meron nang bagong coalition na namuo.

Boy: Anu-ano, oo.

Leni: US, Australia...

Boy: Dahil ito yung may mga negosyo na dumadaan.

Leni: Oo, pero ito, kaya nga, sila nga mismo, hindi solo e. Sila nga mismo, gumagawa... coalition.

Boy: Okay. I'd like to talk to you, VP Leni, about the Constitutional provision on Presidential qualifications. You are applying to be the President of the Republic of the Philippines. It's a complex, gargantuan job. Napakalaki nung trabaho. Why? Because a President is a head of government, you are the chief architect of foreign policy, you're commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, you sign budgets, manage finance, you appoint justices recommended by the Judicial and Bar Council, you confer the National Artist Award, manage disasters, pandemic, fights the drug war, head of your political party, has power over aliens, has power of eminent domain, practices general supervision over local governments, and pardon convicts, among others. Sinabi ko lamang po ito dahil napakacomplex ng trabaho bilang isang Presidente. Samantala, ang ating Saligang Batas, Article Seven, Section Two, of the 1987 Constitution, ay nagsasaad na ang qualifications para maging isang Presidente ay ang mga sumusunod, number one, natural-born Filipino, registered voter, must be able to read and write, forty years of age on the day of the election, must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election. Ang aking tanong, VP Leni, napapanahon na ba para amyendahan ang probisyon na ito sa Saligang Batas, oo, hindi, at bakit?

Leni: Ako, Boy, hindi. Actually, it's a very contentious provision. Marami tayong mga kilala na nagsasabi, bakit naman ganyan kaminimum yung requirements ng pag-Papangulo, pero ako kasi, binasa ko, binasa ko yung mga diskusyon, yung mga debate nung framers ng 1987 Constitution, and yung pinakadahilan kung bakit ganito kaminimal yung qualifications na binibigay kasi gustong bigyan ng pagkakataon kahit yung hindi, alam mo, dito kasi sa Pilipinas, ang iba, hindi natatapos sa pag-aral dahil walang opportunity, so ayaw nating isara, ayaw nating isara yung daan para sa mga gaya nila, so, ito, while merong mga iba't ibang pagtingin tungkol dito, yung sa 'kin, naiintindihan ko kung bakit ganun yung mga requirements na nilagay, na totoo, we would have wished na ang Pangulo is better prepared, pero sa atin kasi, parang we put a lot of premium on not closing the doors on people who have not been given the opportunity to have enjoyed the same privileges that others had, so yun yung dahilan, and ako, I agree with them. I agree with them pero yung sa 'kin lang, Boy, siguro, yun dapat pagtuunan natin ng pansin, baguhin talaga yung klase ng pulitika na namumuo kasi over the years, yung klase talaga ng pulitika na namumuo, yun yung hindi nagbibigay ng malaking access dun sa mga wala dahil grabe yung patronage, dahil magastos masyado yung eleksyon. 'Pag ganito at ganito yung klase ng pulitikang namumuo, yung mga wala, hindi nabibigyan ng pagkakataon.

Boy: I hear you, VP Leni, pero puntahan ko lamang yung sinabi mo kaninang premium na para makapagparticipate ang, because that's the spirit of the law, it's democratizing participation. Malay mo, si Tatay, o, ay potensyal na maging Presidente ng Pilipinas.

Leni: Yes, kahit hindi nakapag-aral.

Boy: Pero may premium din tayo ha, VP Leni, na, naalala ko 'to, ang diploma, napakahalaga, idinidisplay sa sala. Ang nanay, madalas, sinasabi, 'Nasaan na ang diploma mo?'

Leni: Yun na yung pinakapinagyayabang ng mga magulang.

Boy: 'Yon, oo, napakahalaga sa atin 'yon dahil kung yung premium ang pag-uusapan natin, bakit yung premium na 'yon, wala doon sa mga kwalifikasyon? Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago raised that point, 'no, the late good senator, at sinabi niya, 'Ang police officer nga e, hinahanapan na dapat graduate ka, Presidente pa kaya ng Pilipinas,' reason why I had to enumerate the, you know, specific jobs of a President.

Leni: Ako, naiintindihan kita, Boy, pero, alam mo, iba-iba kasi yung dahilan kung bakit hindi nakapagtapos. Kung hindi ka nakapagtapos despite the many opportunities given to you, kasalanan mo na 'yon, pero...

Boy: Pero hindi naman natin kasi puwedeng...

Leni: Yun na nga, kaya hindi mo, dahil hindi mo puwedeng idelineate...

Boy: 'Di ba? Hindi natin puwedeng iqualify 'yon.

Leni: Hindi mo puwedeng alisan ng pagkakataon yung mga hindi nakapagtapos dahil walang-wala.

Boy: It's not in the Constitution of Turkey, for example, pero meron silang batas ngayon na nagsasabing dapat may higher education, pero we are aware, halimbawa, na sa Great Britain, kailangan, miyembro ka ng parliament. MP ka bago ka maging Prime Minister. Meron namang mga bansa, like France, ang isa sa mga requirements, may bank account ka, so ang sinasabi ko lamang 'to, VP, dahil as a country's President, you can initiate a move na para man amyendahan maaari, I'm not saying that you should do it, para lamang, dahil napakacomplex, napakahirap na ng buhay, 1987 is very different from 2001.

Leni: Totoo, pero para sa 'kin, Boy, para sa 'kin, siguro, down the road, puwede 'yang pag-usapan, pero sa 'kin kasi, yung accessibility na makapagparticipate, napakahalaga nun sa 'kin. Kahit wala kang pera, kahit hindi ka nakapagtapos, basta yung reason mo naman, dahil sa kawalan.

Boy: But isn't that so ideal?

Leni: Ako, we can always dream for better things e. Ako, para sa 'kin, ang mga kailangan natin ngayong ilegislate, papa'no ba natin mapapabuti yung ating political system, such that yung political system natin yun nagpoproduce ng mga kandidato na karapat-dapat.

Boy: Paano?

Leni: Andaming kailangang gawin, andaming kailangang gawin.

Boy: Saan ka mag-uumpisa?

Leni: Alam mo, marami nang panukalang batas na finile sa Congress over the years, kahit nung nasa Sixteenth Congress ako, na iba-iba yung mga pananaw kung pa'no siya aayusin, pero ako, it's high time that we assemble all those who are proposing.

Boy: We're now done with our ten questions. Ngayon naman po, punta na tayo doon sa personal issue-based question para po sa 'yo. Sa isang talumpati before the Philippine Military Academy alumni in Malacañang, October 2018 po ito, President Duterte said, and I quote, 'Sa totoo lang, even her,' referring to you, 'Even her public statement, I don't mean to offend the lady, she's very good, she's gentle pero mahina talaga si Leni. Mali-mali ang, medyo mahina ang, hindi mahina ang utak, pumasa ng bar e...'

Leni: Diskarte.

Boy: 'Mahina sa diskarte.' Your reaction in sixty seconds and I don't follow up.

Leni: Yung diskarte, nakikita 'yon hindi sa salita kundi sa gawa. Yung diskarte, sa ordinaryo natin na pang-araw-araw na buhay, eto yung ability mo na gumawa ng paraan, eto yung ability mo magtrabaho nang maayos despite the difficulties. Ako, pinakita ko over the years, Boy, na yung mga difficulties, mga roadblocks na tinapon sa aking daan, nalagpasan ko yun lahat dahil sa diskarte. Ako, in many, many instances, and I can cite of you, 'pag merong sakuna, merong krisis, sino ba yung unang nasa ground? Kami. Nung nag-Marawi Siege, maraming mga, maraming mga bagyo na dumaan, yung lindol, kami yun nando'n. Nung inoffer sa 'kin yung ICAD, lahat na taong nakapaligid sa 'kin, sinasabi sa 'kin, ''Wag mo 'yan tanggapin kasi trap 'yan,' pero I felt that it was an opportunity for me to make a difference...

Boy: Maraming salamat. Now, we have a sixty-second political fast talk. Let's begin. VP Leni, bakit hindi dapat iboto si Bongbong Marcos?

Leni: Number one, sinungaling. Pangalawa, in the difficult moments, hindi siya nagpapakita.

Boy: Si Isko, bakit hindi namin, si Mayor Isko, bakit hindi dapat namin iboto?

Leni: Hindi klaro yung paninindigan sa maraming bagay.

Boy: Ping Lacson.

Leni: Maraming salita pero kulang sa on the ground na gawa.

Boy: VP Leni, bakit hindi namin dapat iboto si Manny Pacquiao, si Senator Manny Pacquiao?

Leni: Ito, malungkot ito, Boy, pero yung kabutihan ng loob kasi sa 'tin, hindi sapat.

Boy: Bakit ikaw ang dapat namin iboto?

Leni: Ako, Boy, pinakita ako nitong krisis na 'to, and many other crises in the past, na ang mga babaeng leader, nagshishine during crisis, and ako, pinakita ko 'yan sa maraming trabaho namin dito sa OVP. Marami kaming mga krisis na nalagpasan with flying colors. Sabi ko nga, kung yung 2016 hanggang 2022...

Boy: Here is my final question, answerable also in sixty seconds. March 19, 2018, President Duterte withdrew the Philippines from the Rome Statute. When the withdrawal took effect, March 17 ito, 2019, ang Pilipinas po ay hindi na naging miyembro ng International Criminal Court. Ang withdrawal, nangyari po ito matapos ianunsyo ng then ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda ang pagbubukas ng preliminary examination sa Pilipinas with respect to the alleged crimes against humanity na nagaganap sa bansa dahil sa war on drugs. The President threatened to arrest the ICC Prosecutor if she conducts activities here in the Philippines because we are no longer an ICC member, and the ICC has no right to do any investigating. On November 10, 2021, the Philippine government requested a deferral of the ICC's investigation under the principle of complementarity claiming that the country had begun its own investigation. Buhay ang ating justice system, in other words. The current ICC Prosecutor, Karim Khan, in a document dated November 18, sinabi niya that they will temporarily suspend its investigation into the Philippines as it assesses the scope and effect of the government's request for deferral that cited the investigations being done by the Department of Justice. Human rights victim advocacy groups are urging the ICC to proceed with the investigation to not further delay the justice for the victims. VP Leni, in sixty seconds, hypothetical ang aking tanong, Presidente ka ng Pilipinas, sumulat ang ICC Prosecutor na si Karim Khan at nagrerequest na siya at ang kanyang team ay pumunta dito sa Pilipinas para umpisahan na ang preliminary investigation sa 'di umano'y mga krimen laban sa sangkatauhan na may kinalaman sa war on drugs ni President Duterte. Ano po ang inyong gagawin? Papayagan niyo po ba ang team nila na pumunta dito sa Pilipinas, oo, hindi, at bakit?

Leni: Papayagan ko. Magiging very open, magiging very transparent. Kung wala naman tinatago, hindi tayo kailangang matakot. Hustisya yung pinakabuod nito pero dapat balikan natin. In the first place, bakit tayo nagmember ng ICC? Ang ICC is a safety net sa mga gobyernong nag-aabuse ng human rights ng kanilang mga tao, sa mga gobyernong nagcocommit ng very high crimes. Mga diplomats natin, mga Pilipino, bahagi nung pagdraft nung pagbuo ng ICC dahil nakita natin na ito ay representative ng values natin bilang mga Pilipino, na pinahahalagahan natin yung human rights, so sa 'kin, 'pag umupo ako, hindi ko lang papayagan na pumasok dito, pero ipopropose ko na bumalik yung ating membership sa ICC dahil napakahalaga ito to keep government in check.

Boy: Vice President Leni Robredo, maraming salamat.

Leni: Maraming salamat.

Boy: Thank you for your time.

Leni: Thank you. Thank you, Boy.

Boy: God bless you at mabuhay ka.

Leni: Maraming salamat.

Boy: At sa inyong lahat po, maraming salamat, at God bless us all. Mabuhay po ang Pilipinas. Good night.

27 January 2022

The Boy Abunda Presidential Interviews, 2022 (Bongbong)

source: https://youtu.be/wFD0CwgfMwQ
disclaimer: this is not an official transcript.
average reading time: 38 mins

note: 
before remarking on errors,
check the audio from source first.

Boy: Good evening, and welcome. Our guest tonight is Senator Bongbong Marcos. Senator Bongbong, magandang gabi. Welcome, and thank you for being here.

Bongbong: Thank you very much for the invitation. Magandang gabi sa inyong lahat, and thank you for having me.

Boy: Let's begin the interview, and let's talk about the environment, specifically, the issue of mining which is one of the most controversial environmental issues. Noong Abril 2021, President Duterte lifted yung siyam na taon na moratorium on granting new mining permits. Ito'y ginawa niya through Executive Order 130. December 2021, ang DENR naman, ang Department of Environment and Natural Resources also lifted the ban on open-pit mining. Ito nama'y ginawa nila through Administrative Order No. 2021-40. Pinuri po ito ng mining industry, samantala, binatikos naman ito ng mga environment and human rights defenders. Ang aking tanong, Senator Bongbong, you're applying to become the next President of the Philippines. If elected, pagtitibayin mo ba ang mga desisyong ito ni President Duterte at saka ng DENR, o ipapawalang-bisa?

Bongbong: Well, ang mining talaga ay very controversial pero dapat ang tingin natin diyan, that is also very valuable source of revenue for the government dahil anlaki ng ating mga natural resources dito sa Pilipinas. Dapat siguro, lalo na in these difficult times, we should take advantage of that. However, we have seen some of the disasters that have happened when it comes to mining, ay, kailangan lang talaga nating iwasan 'yan, the effect on the environment. We have sufficient regulations and we have sufficient monitoring but hindi nasusunod. This is always the problem. We have the laws but we are not able to implement them, we are not able to fully enforce them sometimes, so if we can do that, if we can take care of making sure that the environmental impact is in accordance with the law, then I think we can carefully exploit the natural resources to help the recovery of our economy. Now, when it comes to open-pit mining, I think I'm a bit wary about that because it is very difficult to control, the pollution that's caused by open-pit mining, the leaching that occurs in open-pit mining, there are many occurrences that even after the mine has been closed, and they have covered it up, and they have planted trees, or they've built houses on it, lumalabas ang lason, may lumalabas na kung anu-anong mga chemical that are bad for the health of the people who are around it kaya't siguro, pag-aralan ngayon natin 'yan. Baka naman meron silang iniisip na bagong teknolohiya na puwede nating gamitin, na sasabihin na safe ang open-pit mining but again, I have been studying this environmental problem that we have had since I was still in school, and open-pit mining is one of those operations that talagang it raises alarms when it comes to, specially when it comes to exploiting natural resources and allowing the use of open-pit mining.

Boy: Okay. You're wary about open-pit mining but you are open to sustainable mining.

Bongbong: Absolutely, absolutely. I think it can be done. It is done in very many countries. We will just have to make sure that we are cooperating with the private companies who are involved in this operation, and I think that there are great opportunities to be had, so long as I say, we are very careful about it. One of the things that we have in the Philippines is nickel. Nickel is an essential part now of batteries, of battery technology, so that is going to explode, and it already has actually, and that is something that we can take advantage of. We have sources of lithium, also battery technology, so there're really so many, there's so much potential in all of that so I think we have to look at everything because we have been left by the COVID in a very precarious economic situation, and therefore we have to explore everything that we can do to revitalize that economy.

Boy: Kung sa'n tayo puwede kumita in terms of revenue because napakalaki ng contribution din ng mining industry to our economy.

Bongbong: Absolutely, and the estimates are in the billions of dollars...

Boy: That's right.

Bongbong: Per year. We cannot just ignore that, and we should make sure that, like in any other industry, that the value and the profits are, stay within the community, and those that are working in the mines have, take advantage of this windfall.

Boy: So, Senator, to be more specific, doon sa ban na nilift ni President Duterte, dun sa new permits ng mining, that's not a problem to you.

Bongbong: Not, no.

Boy: Your problem is the open-pit mining.

Bongbong: Yes.

Boy: Kasi if we talk about mining, yung mga nagsasabing responsible miners, ilan naman sa kanila, 'di ba, may mga nangyayari pa na water pollution, yung mga displacement of the locals, at marami pang iba.

Bongbong: Yes, but those are the things that we can remedy because if the mining operation, if we keep it away from, I suppose, the congested communities kung sa'n ang maraming tao, e, we can make it, make things a little better. Another issue about mining that's not spoken about very much are the benefits and compensation of those who are working in the mines. They work in a very difficult and dangerous situation.

Boy: You're talking about salaries, not just people who were displaced.

Bongbong: No, and I'm talking about the people who actually go into the tunnels, and marami tayong nagiging casualty diyan. Kailangan natin na balikan, tiyakin... naman ang kanilang kalagayan.

Boy: Let's talk about COVID-19. Senator, sa kasalukuyan po, dalawang bagay ang alam natin tungkol sa COVID-19, tungkol sa pandemya. Ang una, pinadapa na tayo ng pandemyang ito. According to DOH, over three million cases sa bansa, over fifty thousand deaths as of today. Sabi naman ng John Hopkins COVID-19 dashboard, more than three hundred million cases around the world, and over five million deaths. Maraming mga Pilipino ang nawalan ng trabaho, kabuhayan, at mga mahal sa buhay. Pangalawa po, Senador, aside from being vicious, this virus is unpredictable. Maraming mga variants na ang ating narinig, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, may Delta Plus, may Omicron. The virus acquires genetic changes. It mutates, in other words. How, ano ang form niya sa susunod, kailan, nobody knows. Ang aking katanungan po, kung ika'y papalarin manalo bilang Presidente ng Pilipinas, and given the unpredictability and the viciousness of this virus, ano po ang iyong programa pagdating sa COVID-19?

Bongbong: Well, when it comes to COVID-19, ang lagi kong sinasabi diyan, ang, 'di, I summarize it very simply, I call it jab to jobs. What we first have to do is to get vaccinated, and we have to roll out the vaccines properly, we have to make sure that the vaccines are effective and safe, have been handled properly, and now, we have gotten to the point, the last statistic that I saw was fifty-four million Filipinos have been nabakunahan na, fully vaccinated na. Hindi pa tayo umaabot dun sa tinatawag na herd immunity. Kailangan talaga natin paabutin ng seventy, seventy-five percent, at sana, yung kalagayan na nakikita natin sa Europa, sa ibang bansa, kahit tinatamaan ng Omicron, nagpositive, hindi na nila masyadong pinapansin kasi parang flu na lang para sa kanila dahil ninety-five percent sila vaccinated so dapat iyan ang habol natin. Once we get ourself in a safer condition, that we manage the pandemic, or we have to now be thinking, even now, even while we're just slowly working our way through the pandemic, ngayon pa lang ay dapat iniisip na natin kung papa'no, pa'no natin ibabalik ang ekonomiya. Kagaya ng sabi mo, madaming walang trabaho, andaming nasira ang plano, lahat, and palagay ko, I would even amend that. I would say hindi marami, lahat ng, kahit sino, lahat ng tao sa buong mundo yata ay naramdaman itong COVID na ito, and so we have to come back to give our people, get them back to work, and how do we do that? We do that, in my view, we do that by revitalizing the MSMEs, the small businesses, that comprise ninety-five percent of our businesses and sixty-two percent of our employment in businesses. They have been very hard hit. We must, the government can help them with the lower taxes, or tax holidays, amnesties, et cetera. The private sector can come in with microfinancing and all that. Agriculture also needs to be looked at because it's a creator of jobs, and if we...

Boy: Is this what you mean by the jabs to jobs concept?

Bongbong: Yes. The idea is just once we are in a safe condition, then we have to get people back to work. 'Yan lang naman ang habol. 'Pag tinanong mo ang Pilipino, 'Anong palagay mo sa COVID?'

'Ay, yung COVID, wala akong trabaho, wala 'kong pera,' so yun ang talagang dapat na priority. Ngayon pa lang, pinaghahandaan natin. So, agriculture, tourism, and we should do this, we should go back to the concept of PPPs, public-private partnerships, and that way, we can bring together different segments of government, working together so that the economy will come back, and hopefully, come back even stronger than it was pre-COVID.

Boy: Of course, we're hoping na sana'y e wala nang bagong variants na dumating but sabi ko nga kanina, this is so unpredictable, we don't know what's gonna happen next. Pagdating doon sa vaccination, hindi pa tayo nakakaabot doon sa seventy, seventy-five. What is your message to people who refuse to be vaccinated?

Bongbong: Well, they must understand that it is, if we cannot force people to be vaccinated, karapatan ng tao 'yan, hindi mo puwedeng pilitin na magvaccinate, ngunit na sana naman maunawaan nila na kapag sila'y hindi nagpapabakuna ay yung lahat ng nakapaligid sa kanila pati na yung kanilang mahal sa buhay, kanilang pamilya, mga kaibigan, yung kanilang kabarangay, lahat 'yan ay nilalagay nila at risk 'yan dahil kung sila ay tamaan ay ikakalat nila 'yan. Ang statistic ngayon, ang mga nasa ospital na tinamaan ng Omicron, 'no, eighty-five percent are not vaccinated kaya't maliwanag na maliwanag naman ang science na sinasabi, malaki ang itinutulong ng pagvaccinate kaya't sana hikayatin natin sila ta's sabihin natin, ipaliwanag natin. Ngayon, that will also, yung nangyayari ngayon, it will also limit their own options when in their everyday lives. Hindi makapunta sa restaurant, hindi makapunta, yung ngayon, hindi makasakay sa public transport, all of these things, so, but rather than punish them, I think we should really convince them that this is important. It is important for your work. It is important for your community, for you family.

Boy: You spoke about the socio-economic recovery of people. Very briefly lang, yung lockdown nang lockdown nang lockdown, your comment.

Bongbong: Oo, 'yon. No more lockdowns. Hindi na kaya ng Pilipino ang maglockdown. Hindi na nila kaya. It is too hard. They're going to too much hardship already. They just cannot do it. Marami ngang sinasabi, yung labag sa protocols, sinasabi, ''Di na baleng magkasakit, basta may kita ako.'

Boy: Let's talk about poverty. According to Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), October nang 2001, 3.27 million ang walang trabaho. October 2010, 2.79 million Filipinos had no work. October of 2016, 2 million. October of 2021, 3.5 million ang walang trabaho. Ayon naman sa SWS (Social Weather Station), ang mga kababayan nating nagugutom in percentages, taking into consideration the fluctuation of the population, ang third quarter of 2001, 9.3% ang nagugutom, or people who identify themselves as hungry. Third quarter of 2010, 15.9%. Third quarter of 2016, 10.6%. September 2021, ten percent, or around 2.5 million Filipinos ang nagugutom. Ang aking katanungan, Senador, sa kasalukuyan, sabi ng PSA, mayroong 3.5 milyong Pilipino na walang trabaho, 2.5 milyong Pilipino naman ang nagugutom, 'pag ika'y nahalal na Presidente ng Pilipinas, with these urgent problems of joblessness and hunger, ano po ang inyong gagawin?

Bongbong: Well, of course, ang haharapin ng bagong administrasyon ay talagang we have to create jobs because we cannot just leave the situation as is. You know, we, also nag-uwi tayo ng mga OFW, we are up to about seven hundred thousand. Those people, they have come home, e, wala na silang trabaho dahil nawala yung trabaho nila sa abroad, tapos yung mga ginagraduate natin na mga estudyante, kaya talagang ang pinakaimportante ay maparami natin ang trabaho, at para pasiglahin natin ang ekonomiya, and again, as I started to enumerate it earlier, I think the way to do it is to go to the MSMEs, and give them the support that they need so that makabangon ulit sila, makatayo na naman ang mga maliliit na negosyo na 'yan. Ang agrikultura is a big creator of jobs so if the government invests publicly in agriculture, marami 'yan e, kasi hindi naman pinag-uusapan yung nagsasaka lamang e. Pinag-uusapan natin ang mga support systems, for fisheries, for livestock, so marami kaagad ang maiinvolve diyan, and it also will take care of the problems that we saw during COVID na ang lack of food supply. The other area where we have a big advantage is tourism. Madaling-madali ipagmalaki ang Pilipinas because we have a beautiful country, we Filipinos are a beautiful people, and it's very easy to bring the Philippines to foreigners and to explain to them that this is a good place to be but in the meantime, 'no, habang hindi pa lumilipad ang mga eroplano, habang hindi pa nakakabiyahe ang mga turistang galing abroad, unahin na muna natin ang domestic tourism. Marami naman sa Pilipino, because ang napuna ko is that every time that may area na may tourist destination, magbukas lang nang kaunti, dagsaan kaagad ang tao, and so that is I think ay one of the possibilities that we can enter into...

Boy: Sir Bongbong, dun lamang sa hunger, pupuntahan ko lang, dahil 2.5 million are hungry right now. What is your, I know you're talking about long-term doon sa paghahanap ng trabaho, we'll talk about it, the small and medium enterprises, pero ano ang immediate na solution mo doon sa mga nagugutom na tao?

Bongbong: Ngayon? Ayuda pa rin. Yung TUPAD pa rin. Yung AICS pa rin. Diyan nabubuhay pa ang tao sa ngayon e. Hangga't yung mga trabahong pinag-uusapan natin, hangga't lumabas na 'yan, at hanggang may pagkakataon na sila na makapagtrabaho ulit, umaasa talaga sila diyan, at...

Boy: Can the government afford that?

Bongbong: The government, not forever, certainly not forever but we still have to find ways. That's why the government, talagang nagrealign ng pondo, nalipat from other departments para iconcentrate dito, but it is, but even Filipinos understand that hindi ito forever kaya kailangan, may trabaho, ngunit sa ngayon, hangga't wala pa 'yang trabaho, talagang umaasa ang tao sa ayudang nanggaling sa mga...

Boy: May pagkakaiba ba ang ayuda at saka ang dole out?

Bongbong: Hindi.

Boy: Pareho.

Bongbong: Hindi. It's a transfer payment as they call it in economics. It's not, but it's, you know...

Boy: So, magkaiba po yun?

Bongbong: Hindi, ganun din.

Boy: Pareho rin.

Bongbong: Pareho lang e dahil it's walang kapalit. For example, yung basta't nagbibigay ka lang ng ayuda, but it is not the same, it is something that is, it is not the same as yung sinasabi nila, pagka nagbigay ka lang ng pera, walang mangyayari diyan. Kailangan, lagyan mo ng sistema, et cetera, et cetera, pero dito ngayon, iba yung usapan dito, it is an emergency, and so we have no choice, we have no choice.

Boy: It's an immediate solution to an urgent problem.

Bongbong: Right now, unless you provide jobs, unless we're fully vaccinated, that's the only solution.

Boy: Senador, mabilisan lamang, because you talked about pagbigay ng suporta doon sa mga small, medium enterprises, very brief lang para maintindihan ng taumbayan, paano gagawin 'yon? It comes from the government? Magbibigay ng kapital ang gobyerno?

Bongbong: I think you'll find lahat ng aking mga solution, it will involve many sectors of the economy, many sectors of society. In this case, I think the private sector has to be involved. The government cannot do it by itself. Hindi kaya ng private sector na nag-iisa, so kailangan talagang magsama at magtulungan ang private sector, kailangan din naman ng private sector yung mga MSMEs, kailangan ng magandang agrikultura, kaya't basta't tayo'y pareho ang ating ninanais at makagawa tayo ng magandang partnership, sa palagay ko, magkakaroon, tinatawag, what we call synergy between the two forces that are helping the Philippines.

Boy: Okay. Punta naman po tayo sa OFW, the Filipino migrants. As of September of 2019, ang estimated number of OFWs ay 2.2 million. Ang remittances na naibibigay ng mga OFWs sa Pilipinas ay ang sumusunod, 28.9 billion US dollars noong 2018, 30.1 billion US dollars noong 2019, 29.9 billion US dollars noong 2020, and 25.9 billion US dollars as of October 2021. Sa 2018, remittances sent by OFWs accounted for eleven percent of the total GDP of the country. Sa kabilang dako naman, Senador, may tinatawag na social cost. Ito yung unquantifiable social cost that contributes to the destruction of the Filipino family. Kung ika'y papalarin maging Presidente ng Pilipinas, how do you balance the economic contributions of the OFWs and this unquantifiable cost, social cost that contributes to the destruction of the Filipino family?

Bongbong: The ideal is that nobody has to go, that we have enough jobs here in the Philippines, na hindi na nila kailangang magbiyahe sa abroad, unless, talagang, not by necessity, anyway, that they can, they have a choice to remain here in the Philppines, baka may magandang puwesto, 'di puntahan nila para mas malaki ang kikitain nila, but we have to be, give them, the ideal is to bring them all home if they want to come home, but, of course, that we have, we are a long way from that, and you are very right, it's not spoken of very much but we should speak of it more because there is a tear in the social fabric pagka matagal na nawawala ang OFW and with all the problems that it brings, so, again, it boils down to jobs. It boils down to jobs here in the Philippines, and the only way to bring those people home, to bring our workers home is to provide them with jobs. The seven hundred thousand or so that have been repatriated from other counties, they left the Philippines because they could not find jobs. Now, we have to find them jobs here in the Philippines, and so patung-patong talaga ang naging problema dahil dito sa COVID. The original concept of OFW was in the early '70s, after the oil crisis, when the Middle Eastern countries suddenly found themselves loaded down with plenty of cash because tinaas nila ang presyo ng langis, and so they went into a building spree and were spending, I think Saudi Arabia was spending ten to twelve billion dollars in 1974-75, a year on infrastructure. We wanted to take advantage of that, and we did, but the idea was they were contractual workers. Pagka natapos yung kontrata, natapos na yung building na ginagawa nila, natapos yung kalsada na ginagawa nila, uuwi sila. Hindi sila maiiwan habambuhay, dun na sila magtatrabaho, unless gusto nila 'yon, so, that is, that was the concept then but we have become so dependent, as you say, eleven percent of the GDP is provided by the remittances of our OFWs, that has recognized the contribution that they are doing to the economy and to the country. Marami mga nagsasabi, ayan, mga bagong bayani, sila talaga ang dapat na, malaki ang utang na loob natin sa kanila, ngunit hindi natin sila tinutulungan. Now, they have just passed the creation of the Department of Migrant Workers. I think that is an excellent solution because pagka nagkakaproblema ang ating OFW, DFA ang pinupuntahan, foreign affair, ang embassy ang pinupuntahan. Ang embassy, wala namang, walang budget 'yan para kumuha ng abogado, para iuwi yung namatay, o para, whatever the problems they might have.

Boy: This department will take care of that?

Bongbong: They will, 'de, kumukuha na lang sila kung saan-saan. DOJ, baka meron sila, yung abogado.

Boy: Department of Labor...

Bongbong: Yeah. Now, the department of OFW will institutionalize that, so...

Boy: You are for the creation of this? 

Bongbong: Oh, absolutely.

Boy: Well, it had been created. Puntahan ko lamang, Senador, yung bagong bayani, because, you know, I have had conversations with, you know, with teachers, kasi 'pag tinatawag nating bagong bayani, tama naman talaga, mga bayani naman talaga sila, but somehow, it normalizes the risks of working abroad. Parang, you know, when you say, 'Oy, bagong bayani ang mga OFWs,' totoo, but it normalizes and it also negates, it also denies the very reason why they went abroad. Tama ho kayo doon na wala namang trabaho kasing maibigay dito, so ano ho ang inyong, again, it's that balance that I'm trying to say, na bagong bayani ka nga pero napakadelikado naman ng trabaho, karamihan, at least, 'no?

Bongbong: Well, we have to grow the economy well enough so that we can say you have a choice kung nais ninyong magtrabaho sa labas dahil...

Boy: At kung dito sa Pilipinas...

Bongbong: O, kung gusto niyo sa Pilipinas, may trabaho naman dito.

Boy: Pero pakiulit lang, Senador, tama ba ang aking pagkaunawa, that the ideal for you is that.

Bongbong: Yes.

Boy: Walang aalis sa bansa na naghahanap ng trabaho.

Bongbong: Not by necessity.

Boy: Not by necessity.

Bongbong: May sasabihin na, 'May trabaho dito pero may nakita akong mas maganda. Six months muna yung kontrata.'

Boy: It's a choice.

Bongbong: It's a choice, that they must have a choice. These people that have left have no choice because they could not find jobs here in the Philippines. I know it is a difficult ideal to achieve but we must always work to the ideal, and hopefully, one day, we will at least mitigate the problems that we are seeing. Hindi na siguro because it's the ideal, never natin aabutin 'yan but we can mitigate all of that, and in the meantime, also mitigate the social problems that you referred to earlier.

Boy: That's right, the social cost na pinag-uusapan dahil maraming mga pamilya ang naaapektuhan, walang nanay, walang tatay.

Bongbong: Nabibiyak talaga ang pamilya e.

Boy: That's right. Okay. Senator Bongbong, let's talk about social media.

Bongbong: Alright.

Boy: Noong 2021, ang year-in-review, yun ang tawag nila, report ng Pornhub, isang online adult video streaming website, sabi dito, ang mga Pinoy daw spend eleven minutes and thirty seconds watching porn, making the Philippines top one, beating Japan and France, at saka ngayon, some of the known media sites, apps, Twitter, Snapchat, Facebook groups, ay ginagawa nang alternative porn sites. There's a story about this young American songwriter-singer Billie Eilish. In an interview, she revealed that eleven years old, she, you know, she was exposed to porn, hanggang naging addict siya sa porn, she was addicted to porn, and she hooked up with multiple sex partners thinking that it was normal because yun ang kanyang napapanood, and she thought that sex was violent because yun ang kanyang napapanood paulit-ulit. She revealed in her words, 'Porn destroyed my brain. I was devastated. I had nightmares. I suffered from sleep paralysis. My mental health was damaged.' Last December, she turned twenty, and she is on the road to recovery with the help of family, and the community, and a lot of experts. My question is this, hypothetical, nalaman at naconfirm mo na ang iyong menor de edad na anak is addicted to cyber porn, ano ang iyong gagawin, number one, bilang magulang, at ano ang magiging polisiya mo pagdating sa welfare and protection of children?

Bongbong: Well, I happen to have approached this problem. Talagang pinag-isipan naming mag-asawa ito kasi alam naman natin na, we hear of these stories that you have read out, at kinausap namin yung mga anak namin, and to understand, so they understand that this is not normal. Maybe you'll find it entertaining, especially with all your hormones raging as a teenager but this is not real life, and this shows, you know, for you to indulge in all of that, shows a little bit of a lack of self-worth because sa palagay mo, 'A, puwede rin ako diyan. Puwede ko ring gawin 'yan. Ganyan pala ang tao. Ganyan ang ginagawa ng normal na tao,' but, you know, what is being done while you are watching pornography really is violence against whoever is involved. It's a form of violence, and that is why we want to be, we are lucky that we have been able to have that talk with our children when they were younger, and I hope that other people will take that example na kausapin ang ating mga kabataan para ipaliwanag, hindi naman talaga totoo 'yan, pero puwede, Boy, yoon 'pag tawanan kayo, 'Tignan natin,' ayon, that's okay, that's fine, pero yung sasabihin mo, eto talaga, yung it's been normalized, that there, we have the same problem with violence, there's too much violence hurting people in games. People think that that's normal, and that people go around shooting everybody, or in the case of pornography, that people go around doing the things that they see in pornographic films, and so, it really, again, it's a social problem, and the parents have to be involved in this, in explaining that this is harmful. We have to, the teachers are involved, all of the mentors of children have to tell them, have to explain to them that this is not the way we live.

Boy: How will you put it into policy as President of the country?

Bongbong: Oh, that is very, very difficult because that is something that really comes not from government. Government has very little control over what is put over the internet.

Boy: But this is internet and social media.

Bongbong: Yes, that's the problem, you cannot stop the internet, and you cannot turn it off, perhaps, if you were China, but then, because they've closed off all kinds of portals, but it's not something that the government can legislate. I don't believe that the government can legislate. It's a social problem that needs to be dealt with at a social level, at the familial level, at the teacher level, and also, we expose them to what we think are normal, and what we think they should emulate, and say, 'This is what you, eto yung gagayahin ninyo. Eto yung mga magagaling, eto yung masisipag, eto yung mababait. 'Wag 'yang mga kalokohan na 'yan.'

Boy: How much can government do?

Bongbong: Only so much but you can make sure, for example, that sex education classes are done properly in school, that it's taught in a way that young kids can understand. The other problem about pornography that is, for me, might be even a little more worrying, is the source of child pornography. We are always cited as one of the largest sources of child pornography. This, for me, is the most reprehensible crime that is possible to commit. It's maybe...

Boy: What will you do with it dahil laganap ito, Senador? Ginagamit ang mga bata para pagkakitaan ng pera.

Bongbong: Sinasaktan mo yung bata e. It's the same thing as hitting a child. It's the same thing as hurt...

Boy: Or even worse.

Bongbong: Possibly even worse because yung bali ng buto ay gumagaling 'yan pero pagka yung sinabak mo yung maliit na bata, ginamit mo for child pornography ay hindi na mawawala sa pag-iisip nila 'yan so this is a terrible, terrible problem.

Boy: What would you do as President?

Bongbong: Oh, habulin natin silang lahat. I'm sure that we have enough IT people, we have enough technical people who can find where all of this is coming from. There is also another root problem, walang pinagkikitaan yung magulang.

Boy: At kadalasan, ang magulang ay involved sa ganitong klaseng negosyo.

Bongbong: Yun na nga, yun ang pinakamalupit sa lahat. Nakikita natin, yung mga nahuhuli, nandiyan yung nanay, at alam nila yung nangyayari kaya't siguro, also, if we are public servants, if we are leaders, tanong din natin, how did they get to that state na ibebenta nila yung anak nila para sa ganyang klaseng gawain.

Boy: Let's go to abortion, pero rape-related abortion. Sabi ng PINSAN, ito yung Philippine Safe Abortion Advocacy Network, at EnGendeRights, Inc., isang Filipino woman at girl, raped every seventy-five minutes, about one in every eight Filipino women, who resorts to abortion, is a rape survivor, seventy women induce abortion every hour, complications from unsafe abortion is one of the five leading causes of maternal death and a leading cause of hospitalization in the Philippines, 2012 alone, six hundred ten thousand Filipino women induced abortion, over a hundred thousand women were hospitalized, and a thousand women died due to unsafe abortion complications, since there is no access to safe abortion in the country, at least, three women die everyday from unsafe abortion complications. Ito po ang aking katanungan, bilang Presidente at kung ika'y papalarin maging Presidente ng Pilipinas, do you think, Senator Bongbong, is it time to enact a law on abortion that would allow pregnant rape victims the choice of legal and safe abortion?

Bongbong: Yes, I think, for very severe cases, like, you say, the most, the majority of cases are rape victims, and I think if it can be shown that they were raped, it was not consensual sex, and that got them pregnant, then they should have the choice to abort or not. The other is incest, perhaps. If the mother, who is usually quite young, is not capable, has mental deficiencies, or is just not capable, emotionally or mentally capable to take care of the child, to have a child, maybe those are the cases where we can say that abortion might be justified, but still, for me, the bottom line is, when it comes to the subject of abortion, it is the woman's decision because it is her body. Meron din unusual cases ng nararape pero they keep the child, and they raise them as their own. Again, they must be given that choice, and I think, well, all the women in my life, always, when we talk about this subject, when we talk about abortion, say, 'It's my body. I should decide,' and I subscribe to that notion, and I think that's correct, but, so that we will not go and get stuck in the moral issues of playing God, et cetera, or when life begins. All of those debates that have been happening around the world coming to abortion, to avoid all of that, we can make it very distinct, and say, rape victims, victims of incest, if the mother's life, health is in danger, if they take the pregnancy to full term, maybe that will be another possibility, but beyond that, I don't think we need to do more than that when it comes to abortion.

Boy: Senator Bongbong, this is totally against the position of the Catholic church. E, tayo'y eighty percent or more Catholics in this country, at ang sinasabi ng ating relihiyon ay walang conditions, abortion is not allowed, it is killing an innocent human being inside the womb of a mother. What do you say to that argument?

Bongbong: Well, I cannot argue theology. All I argue is what the statistics that you have given me. Sixty thousand people, sixty thousand are hospitalized, is that the figure?

Boy: Yeah.

Bongbong: Because of the botched abortions. How many women die. That's more what I'm...

Boy: That's a more important consideration to you than, you know, religion.

Bongbong: If you're a public administrator, that should be the concern. Is this death rate so high, and we can do in one fell swoop, maybe we can avoid, what, the large percentage of that, we should do it.

Boy: Kasi maraming mga kuwento, halimbawa, I read a story about a woman na merong dwarfism na hindi kayang manganak. Meron naman isang doktor na nagpaaral sa kanya. She was raped. There are incestuous rapes, so, kasi ang inaallow dito sa Pilipinas ay yung tinatawag na therapeutic abortion na, halimbawa, ang mga doktor ay nariyan, at between the, if you are choosing between the life of the mother, to save the mother, you know, ay you are allowed to do it, yun ang aking pagkakaunawa, so, in severe cases, katulad nung sa mga minention ko, you are okay with abortion.

Bongbong: Oh, most certainly because we want to save the lives of people, we want to save lives of women, and that's, that, what, in effect, we will be doing if we allow these critical cases to avail of that therapeutic abortion that you mentioned. Again, as a public administrator and as a public servant, what you are looking to, is to avoid all of these tragedies, every single one of these statistics that you have read is a tragedy in itself. It affects the woman involved. It affects the entire family. Generally, it affects the community. It affects them for the rest of their lives.

Boy: Senator Bongbong, walang batas dito sa Pilipinas na naglalaman ng iyong mga sinasabi. As President, would you initiate a law that clarifies your position on abortion?

Bongbong: Well, if the Congress will pass a law, and that is the will of the people, and people, the majority of the Congress as representing the general populace, if it is their will that we have that, then if it, that...

Boy: Let's talk about drugs, Senator Bongbong. Pupuntahan ko yung sinabi ni President Duterte in a speech sa Ozamiz City, August 2017, and I quote, 'I feel so bad about all of these things kasi nalaman ko, paano ko makokontrol in three to six months. Ang mga generals na pulis, nandiyan tapos yung mga Bureau of Customs na inaasahan ko, PI, nasa droga. How will I succeed e nasa droga? Alam ko na nagkamali ako. Nagkamali talaga ako. Now, magtanong kayo, ang Pilipinas, are we or are we not a narcotics country? Yes, we are. Sabi ko, tama yung silang mga kritiko ko e, 'Sabi mo, noong nag-Presidente ka, three to six months.' Hindi ko alam. Pagpasok ko ay Davao lang kasi ako so ang template ko, Davao. May droga pero sabi ko, maglaro ka doon, patay ka talaga. Give me another six months. That self-imposed time of three to six months, well, I did not realize how severe and how serious the problem of drug menace in this Republic until I became President.' My question, you are applying to be President of the country. Senador Bongbong, how much do you know about illegal drugs in the country? Gaano kalala ito? Are we or are we not a narco-country? Depende sa iyong kaalaman tungkol sa problema ng illegal drugs, ano po ang programa mo laban dito?

Bongbong: Well, nakita natin, unang-una, kailangan natin ituloy ang war on drugs kung tawagin because the problem continues to exist. Nandiyan pa rin ang problema. Kung itatanong mo, are we, I don't know what a narco-state is but we have seen, I think everybody can see the influence of the drug lords in our everyday lives, in our political lives, in our economic lives, and so talagang insidious kaya't, actually, yung nag-uusap kami ni President Duterte noon, sabi niya, 'Talagang hindi ko naimagine na ganito kalalim at ganito kabigat ang problema ng droga,' kaya't para sa akin, kailangan nating ipagpatuloy ang laban kontra sa droga, ngunit, siguro, nakita natin na talagang sinagad ni Pangulong Duterte ang pag-enforce ng mga batas against drug dealers and drug addicts, and I think we are beginning to realize that enforcement only takes you so far. Kailangan natin din pag-aralan ang prevention at tsaka ang cure. Ang prevention ang pagtuturo sa ating mga kabataan na 'wag silang papasok diyan sa ganyang klaseng bisyo, sa ganyang klaseng buhay, at masisira at mawawasak ang kanilang buhay. Kailangan, paulit-ulit natin sinasabi, all the way through grade school, paulit-ulit through high school, na naririnig talaga nila 'yan, and the other thing is yung cure. Pagka sumabit na talaga yung tao, naaddict na, meron tayong rehab naman, when we treat them properly, na we should expand our rehabilitation facilities, not just regional, which, hanggang bawat probinsiya siguro, dapat meron, dahil malala talaga ang problema, and I think, you know, people are, we cannot, it's not a problem that will be solved by only the police, only maybe the military, because we see, tingnan mo ang example ng United States, trilyun-trilyon na ang ibinayad nila, ang ginastos nila para tanggalin ang, para labanan ang drug war. Nandiyan pa rin, even more than ever.

Boy: Do you consider it a health issue or a crime?

Bongbong: Oh, most certainly because talaga naman, hindi tumatagal ang mga addict e. They don't, their health is always at risk. They are not productive. They are not productive members of society. They do not even help themselves. What they are doing is destroying themselves, so yes, it is a health issue, it is a social issue, it is one of the great problems that we face in the modern world.

Boy: When does it become a crime?

Bongbong: When does?

Boy: The drug problem become a crime?

Bongbong: For me, I think that we should treat addicts as patients and as people in need of a cure. It becomes a crime when you are involved in the distribution, the sale of illegal drugs. That's when it becomes a crime.

Boy: Okay. You discussed kanina yung implementation, sinagad 'yon, pero kailangan, merong prevention at tsaka cure. Policy-wise, anong gagawin niyo po?

Bongbong: Ganun talaga. Patibayin natin yung rehab kaagad dahil, yun na nga, yung sa rehab...

Boy: That's cure, ang rehab.

Bongbong: Yung cure ang rehab kasi marami na tayong addict kaya't the President often quotes the statistic of he has four million addicts in the Philippines, and if we take that at face value, that's four million people who need our help so we have to give them that help, and so we have to put into place the system of rehabilitation. There are many, many ways of doing it. There are plenty of lessons to be learned from other countries, and let us learn those lessons and apply them. What is applicable to the Philippines, let us apply them quickly.

Boy: The President's figure of four million was I think when he was beginning as President because right now, the latest data that we have is at about 1.7 million. Kanina, Senador, tinatanong mo kung ano ang narco-country. By definition, it is a country where the economy is controlled by drugs.

Bongbong: I don't think we are there yet.

Boy: We are not.

Bongbong: Yes, but we could be if we do not do something quite effective in the next few years.

Boy: Sabi niyo po, 'Ipagpapatuloy ko ang war on drugs.' Is it going to be bloody?

Bongbong: Well, even in the enforcement side, my idea is to make it more focused because medyo wholesale ngayon ang enforcement e. Ifocus natin dun sa mga malalaki talaga. Doon, kilala naman ng lahat 'yan e. Malalaman talaga e. Even a normal person, they know who the drug boss is in their community so yun ang itarget natin. 'Wag na yung pangkaraniwan na tao.

Boy: Senator Bongbong, let's talk about utang, Philippine debt. I'd like you to listen to these statistics from the Bureau of the Treasury. Nang matapos ang termino ni President Erap, ang utang ng Pilipinas ay 2.6 trillion pesos. Nung natapos si President Arroyo ay 5.1 trillion pesos. Umabot sa 6.5 trillion pesos noong matapos ang termino ni President Aquino. As of end November 2021, ngayong administration of President Duterte, total Philippine debt is 11.93 trillion pesos. Naririnig natin 'yan na, hindi pa ipinanganganak, nagbabayad ka na ng utang dahil sa laki ng utang ng Pilipinas. Katanungan po, ito, kung ikaw ang papalaring manalo bilang Presidente ng Pilipinas, how do you intend to pay the national debt of the country?

Bongbong: By revitalizing the economy, there's no other way. There is no other way to do it. We have to create value in our economy, and that value will be what we will use to service those debts. Hindi naman siguro kailangan, lalo na ngayon na medyo hirap tayo, although, if you look at the overall statistics globally, we are at about under sixty percent ratio to GDP.

Boy: Debt-to-GDP.

Bongbong: Debt-to-GDP. There are other countries that are close to a hundred. Meron pa ngang lampas sa isandaang, one hundred, nag-oone hundred twenty percent, so we are in a relatively good position but we find ourselves in this quandary now because of COVID, and we really had to fund a lot of what we were doing to battle COVID by borrowings. Now, what we, the only way that we can recover from that is to, as I said, revitalize the economy. People, you know, you and I are the same, takot na takot sa utang kasi yun ang ugali naman ng Ilokano, ayaw talagang may utang but in the business world, to maximize whatever funding you have, you take on some debt, so that imbis na isandaan libo ang pera mo, e, nakakuha ka ng dalawandaan, tatlundaan na utang, mas marami kang magagawa, mas masigla, mas maganda ang negosyo mo, madali mong bayaran yung utang. The secret I think, the important thing that we must be absolutely sure of, is that 'pag kailangan talaga ng utang, mahirap mangutang, ayaw nating gawin 'yan, ngunit paminsan-minsan, kailangan talaga nating gawin 'yan, tiyakin naman natin na napupunta sa tama, napupunta sa magandang programa, hindi napupunta sa bulsa ng kung sino man lang, hindi naman nawawaldas, nasasayang lang dahil sa walang kuwentang paggamit. We have to make sure that the debt we are taking on is put to good use so that it generates something in the economy so that we have, not only do we make a profit out of it, but we are able to service the debt. It's the implementation really of the, 'pag dodownload ka ng utang is the implementation really of how that funds are used that is going to decide whether or not malulubog ka sa utang o yung utang mo ay pagagandahin ang takbo ng ekonomiya.

Boy: Deretsahin na ho natin, dahil there was a time, I'm not sure if this is still happening, but twenty percent of the national budget would go to debt management, pero may mga data tayo na nagsasabing, I think this was published, that twenty percent of the national budget goes to corruption.

Bongbong: Yes. That's...

Boy: Twenty percent of the national budget goes to corruption.

Bongbong: Well, that's exactly what I'm talking about. If it's going to go into corruption, wala talaga, palubog lang tayo nang palubog. The corrosive effect of corruption in any, in a private sector, in a public sector, in any, any kind of transaction, immediately destroys the transaction.

Boy: What would you do as President?

Bongbong: Well, we have to tighten up our checks and balances to make sure that the money that we are getting and paying interest on is used for good things, proper things, is handled properly. As I said, it's not, hindi nababawasan ang mga corrupt, buo ang padala mo sa, ipapadala mo sa programa, at maganda yung programa na pinaglagyan mo ng pera na 'yon.

Boy: We have normalized the concept of SOP in this country. What do you do to that?

Bongbong: Well, you just have to minimize it, and you have to put it...

Boy: But it cannot be totally eradicated, just mitigated.

Bongbong: Corruption is not a Philippine condition. It is a human condition. There are dishonest people in wherever you go, and there will always be somebody who's trying to finagle the accounts of cooking the books na para meron siyang mabulsa, so, pero kailangan, bantayan nang mabuti 'yan, and that's something, yung the idea of SOP, that also comes from the efficiency of government. Why do I say that? If the government's very efficient, very streamline ang trabaho, walang fixer, 'di ba? Wala kang kailangang bayaran dahil, e, normal yun e, tama? Kukuha ka ng passport, kukuha ng lisensya, maglalakad ka ng permit, ng papeles mo, may lalapit na fixer, 'Anong kailangan mo?' 'Di magbabayad ka na naman. Bawat dokumento na pipirmahan, babayad ka na naman. 'Yan yung, that's the corruption on the small scale, but, of course, the checks and balances also have to work on a large scale, and when we are talking about government funds, when we are talking about...

Boy: Senator Bongbong, let's go to the West Philippine Sea. Pag-usapan natin ito. 'Pag pinag-uusapan ang West Philippine Sea, Scarborough Shoal, or Bajo de Masinloc, Panatag, 'ika nga, and the Kalayaan Island Group na northeastern part ng Spratly Islands, 'yan ang inaangkin, hindi inaangkin, 'yan ang atin. That's the West Philippine Sea na patuloy na inaangkin ng Tsina. Sa Subi, Zamora Reef, at Mischief, Panganiban Reef, ang tawag natin, at iba pa, nagtayo na ang Tsina dito ng mga underground storage, missile shelters, radar arrays, and other facilities. Noong July 12, 2016, naglabas ng desisyon ang Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) pabor sa Pilipinas sa issue sa West Philippine Sea. Atin ang West Philippine Sea, sabi ng korte, pero patuloy pa rin na inaangkin ito ng Tsina. Tuloy din tayo sa pagfifile ng mga diplomatic protests. As of December 2021, we have filed two hundred forty-one protests, diplomatic protests, at nakatanggap naman tayo ng one hundred fifty-two na sagot. Tanong, bilang Presidente ng Pilipinas, you are also the chief architect of foreign policy, my question is, at you are applying to be President of this country, if all diplomatic efforts fail, do you think the Philippines is strong enough and prepared to fight a defensive war against China to protect our territorial sovereignty?

Bongbong: Well, first of all, I go back to the premise, we must not allow diplomacy to fail. It is the only option that we have. The only way, there are three ways where territory can be gained or lost, and one is through arbitration, with the agreement of both parties, kasi arbitration nga, there's an arbiter between two different parties. Ang problema diyan sa China ay sinabi na nila, 'Hindi kami signatory diyan, hindi kami makikinig kung ano man ang magiging findings nung court,' so nandun na tayo, so that arbitration is no longer an arbitration if there's only one party, so hindi na, it's no longer available to us. The second way that a territory is lost or gained is through war. Now, that, I believe, is a option that we must dismiss outright because it is a completely ludicrous assertion, that going to war with China is going to be advantageous to the Philippines, or even to China for that matter. Nobody wants to go to war. China does not want to go to war. Philippines must not go to war. The third way is by bilateral agreement, and that's what we are left with. Bilateral agreement with China, we must continue to engage China, so if you talk about pure military capability, I think we all know that to compare military capability of the Philippines, even if we are building up and we are modernizing our AFP, malayung-malayo talaga tayo sa China when it comes to men, and material, and capability to fight a shooting war so 'wag na nating pag-usapan yun dahil hindi talaga option yun. We must continue to engage the Chinese, and 'pag nagpapadala tayo ng diplomatic protest, hindi sapat yun. We have to still continue to try and engage them in all many ways. I always use the example of the United States and China. Maaalala ninyo, naging malapit ang, nagkaroon ng diplomatic relations ang China at tsaka ang United States, nagsimula ang usapan sa ping-pong. Sino naman may akala, dun manggagaling yung solution, kaya't subukan natin lahat ng paraan. Yung mga negosyanteng Chinese na may pamilya pa sa China, sabihin naman nila, 'Baka matulungan niyo naman kami rito,' para baka maayos natin ito. Yung unahin natin, yung maliit lang na bagay, yung mga fisherman na hindi pinapapasok, yung mga mangingisda natin na, siguro, isandaang taon nang nangingisda do'n, e, ngayon, hindi na sila puwedeng pumasok, unahin na muna natin yun, yun maliliit, kayang-kaya naman siguro na natin kausapin yun China, 'Pabayaan niyo sila.'

Boy: Senator Bong, tuluy-tuloy ang ating diplomasya, I mean, diplomatic, because you said, diplomacy must not fail, pero paano ka makikipagnegotiate sa bayang Tsina, na nakikipag-usap ka, halimbawa, pero hindi ka naman sineseryoso? I'll go to the point of the US and China, the ping-pong diplomacy, that's fine, but, you know, China and the United States of America are on equal footing, they're both superpowers. This is the Philippines and China, maliit na bayan, hindi tayo sineseryoso, nakikipag-usap tayo pero patuloy naman ang kanilang pagbuibuild ng mga structures sa West Philippine Sea, so, how do you continue diplomacy?

Bongbong: I think that we must engage, we just, there is no other way. Anong ibang mga solusyon? Sasabihin natin, 'O, yung United States, pumasok uli kayo dito sa Pilipinas. Kayo ang magdefend sa atin.' Hindi na puwede 'yon. Hindi na kasi, kung minsan...

Boy: Pero malaki ang interes nila sa South China Sea because of the...

Bongbong: Malaki talaga ang interes nila sa South China Sea.

Boy: That's about over five trillion dollars that pass through...

Bongbong: Yes, but we have to get past the old thinking nung Cold War, na meron tinatawag na spheres of influence, bawat bansa, namimili, 'Sa US kami,' 'Sa Soviet Union kami.' Hindi na ganun ngayon. Ang iisipin lang natin, ano yung mabuti para sa Pilipinas. We continue to engage. Of course, we have a very strong, traditional, institutional relationship, special relationship with the United States...

Boy: Did you say you would invite the United States to get involved and help us?

Bongbong: No, no, that is, the problem is between China and us.

Boy: So, the United States should be out?

Bongbong: If the Americans come in, it's bound to fail because you're putting the two protagonist together, and we, you know, we must understand, dalawang superpower and nasa gitna tayo, anliit-liit natin. Ang biro ko nga, bumahin lang nang sabay 'yan, mawawala na tayo sa mundo e.

Boy: Senador Bongbong, dun lang sa arbitration, sabi mo nga, pa'no ka mag-aarbitrate, e, sinabi naman ng Tsina, 'Hindi ko tinatanggap ang iyong imbitasyon.' Do you think the, is there value, of the PCA's decision, saying that the West Philippine Sea belongs to us?

Bongbong: There is value because they confirmed...

Boy: Let's talk about our tenth question. Let's talk about the Presidential qualifications. You are applying to be the President of the Republic of the Philippines. It's a very complex, gargantuan job. Nilista ko lamang ang ilan sa mga trabaho ng Presidente, head of government, chief architect of foreign policy, commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, signs budgets, manages finance, appoints justices recommended by the Judicial and Bar Council, confers National Artist Awards, manages disasters and pandemics, fights drug wars, head of his/her political party, has power over aliens, has power of eminent domain, practices general supervision over local governments, and pardons convicts. That's how complex, napakalawak, napakalaki, how daunting ang trabaho ng isang Presidente. Samantala, sa ating Saligang Batas, Article Seven, Section Two, of the 1987 Constitution, ang qualifications para maging isang Presidente ay ang mga sumusunod, number one, natural-born Filipino, number two, a registered voter, must be able to read and write, number four, forty years of age at the day of the election, and number five, must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election is held. Right now, as we talk, Senador Bongbong, napapanahon na ba para amyendahan ang provision na ito ng Saligang Batas, oo, hindi, bakit?

Bongbong: Dahil, palagay ko, hindi, dahil the concept behind the way the Constitution has approached the qualifications for President is to say, is to come from the point na sinasabi, anyone should be allowed to be President dahil mahirap, hindi na nakapaggraduate pero marunong naman, dapat, puwede, kung talagang kaya, puwede siyang maging Pangulo. Hindi kailangan ng mga, maging mayaman, hindi kailangang maging sikat, all of these things, and that's the idea behind that, but we also have to recognize that, I agree, everyone should be allowed to be President, but not everyone can be a good President so we have to, with the fix, if you want to call it that, for that is not to amend the Constitution and to amend the qualifications for President. It is to change the political system in terms of our choice of candidates dahil yung multi-party system, kahit na lang sino, puwedeng magtayo ng partido basta may pera siya, at tatakbo maging Presidente, wala namang, hindi talaga marunong, hindi naman qualified, walang magawa. Dati, nung two-party system tayo, we had the Liberal and the Nacionalista. Within the parties, everybody wants to be President, lahat 'yan, gustong magsenador, maggovernor, magmayor, pero sa loob ng partido mismo ay namimili na, tinitingnan, sino bang pinakamagaling talaga dito, 'Sinong ilalaban natin?' 'Sino imamanok natin na puwedeng senador?' so pagpili ng isang partido, sasabihin nila, 'Eto mga kandidato namin,' ang para mong sinasabi, 'Eto na yung pinakamagaling talaga sa amin.' Ngayon, dun sa kabilang partido, ganun din ang ginagawa kaya't kung sino man, e, puro magagaling ang mga kandidato dahil pinagsabong na 'yan sa loob ng partido e, so lumabas ang pinakamagagaling, ang pinakamay-kaya, kahit sinong mahalal ay marunong, and that, I think, is a way we can, the way that we can, I was a great proponent of the multi-party system because of my experience studying abroad where I see that it has worked but it has not really been a successful experiment here in the Philippines.

Boy: So, you are for the two-party system in the Philippines.

Bongbong: I think, because we lack the political maturity yet in the Philippines to understand that ideology must play a part in the multi-party system.

Boy: 'Yan po ang ibig sabihin niyo na ayusin natin ang ating political system, by coming back, going back to the two-party system, para nasala na yung mga kandidato, na parang Great Britain for example. There's a quote that says, 'Every Prime Minister, there is no amateur who becomes a Prime Minister because you have to be an MP.' You have to be an MP to be nominated to be Prime Minister. You wanted to say something, Senator.

Bongbong: Well, the difference between that and the two-party system is that their party stands for something. When you talk about the Conservative Party, they're conservatives. They talk about the Liberal, they're liberal in their thinking.

Boy: Like Democrats and the Republicans, may stand na sa taxes at saka sa abortion.

Bongbong: The Green Party in Germany started off as an environmental party for environmental issues. All of these things that we haven't yet learned to adopt, and that's why I think that we should start thinking about going back to the old simple system that we can always guarantee that whoever is elected, I'm not talking only about the President, but whoever is elected in any position all the way down, to mayors, and to councilors, down at the lowest level, ay lahat 'yan ay may pinagdaanan na, may kakayahan.

Boy: Yeah, and you can effect changes without having to amend the Constitution, am I right? I mean, I'm not very familiar with this.

Bongbong: No, you cannot do that.

Boy: But you can have rules, 'no, I mean, can you add? I mean, I don't know how to do it, but like Myanmar for example, peculiarities ito e, hindi ka na puwedeng mag-Presidente 'pag ang iyong asawa ay foreigner because of the Aung San Suu Kyi...

Bongbong: That's right.

Boy: And then Turkey, I think, is higher education is required. Indonesia ay high school graduate. France requires a bank account, so titingnan mo ito bilang Presidente.

Bongbong: But you are already discounting a large part of the population. Now, if like Turkey, you say you need to have a college degree...

Boy: Higher education.

Bongbong: Then are you sure that every single citizen has access to a college education? If that's so, baka puwede 'yon but we cannot guarantee that. You are, again, as I said, excluding immediately, with no reason except their educational attainment, a large part of the population. Malay mo, yung isa dun, genius na napakagaling na aayusin lahat ng problema.

Boy: That one with many other requirements. Ang dami nilang mga requirements. Let's now go to the personal issue-based question, Senator Bongbong. According to Amnesty International, during your father's Presidency, from 1972 to 1981, about seventy-two thousand were imprisoned, thirty-four thousand were tortured, and three thousand two hundred forty were killed. Tanong, itong data ba na galing sa Amnesty International, Senator Bongbong, ito ba ay pawang kasinungalingan lamang?

Bongbong: Well, I do not know how they generated those numbers, and I haven't seen them but let us ask Amnesty International to share that information that they have, and maybe it will help us make sure that the system works, and what alleged abuses occurred should not occur again. I think that's the only way that we can remedy that situation.

Boy: Now it's time to do our political fast talk. We've sixty seconds to do this. Senator Bongbong, bakit hindi dapat iboto si VP Leni Robredo?

Bongbong: Are you going to ask me this of each of the Presidential candidates?

Boy: Yes.

Bongbong: Well, I'm very hesitant to answer that because I do not believe and I do not indulge in negative campaigning but I will go this far and I will say that I believe that none of the other candidates have yet come to the conclusion that unity, ang pagkakaisa ang ating pangangailangan, at dun magsisimula ang ating pagbalik, na dito krisis ng pandemya.

Boy: So, that's your answer to Mayor Isko, Senator Lacson...

Bongbong: To all of them because they...

Boy: And Senator Pacquiao.

Bongbong: Because of they have not seen that unity is a critical part, then they have not been able to come up with a specific program, a detailed program for what we will do in the next years to recover from the pandemic.

Boy: Bakit ikaw ang dapat iboto?

Bongbong: That is a converse of that, because my message is about unity, and...

Boy: Narito na po tayo sa ating final question, answerable in sixty seconds, and I don't get to follow up. The question is, March 19 of 2018, President Duterte withdrew the Philippines from the Rome Statute. When the withdrawal took effect on March 17, 2019, ang Pilipinas was no longer a member of the International Criminal Court (ICC). The withdrawal happened matapos ianunsyo ng then ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda ang pagbubukas ng preliminary examination sa Pilipinas with respect to the alleged crimes against humanity na nagaganap sa bansa dahil sa war on drugs. The President has threatened to arrest the ICC Prosecutor if she conducts activities here in the Philippines because we are no longer an ICC member, and the ICC has no right to do any investigating. November 10, 2021, the Philippine government requested a deferral of the ICC's request for examination under the principle of complementarity, claiming that the country had begun its own investigations. The current ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan, in a document dated November 18, sabi niya, they will temporarily suspend its investigation into the Philippines as it assesses the scope and effect of the government's request for deferral that cited the investigations being done ng ating Department of Justice. Human rights advocacy groups are urging the ICC to proceed with the investigation to not further delay justice for the victims. The question is, hypothetical, sumulat ang ICC Prosecutor na si Karim Khan at nagrerequest na siya at ang kanyang team ay pumunta dito sa Pilipinas para simulan ang preliminary investigation sa 'di umano'y mga krimen laban sa sangkatauhan na may kinalaman sa war on drugs ni President Duterte. Ano po ang inyong gagawin? Papayagan mo ba sila pumunta dito sa Pilipinas, oo, hindi, at bakit?

Bongbong: Papayagan ko sila dito pero magturista lang sila dahil ang pagkaunawa ko sa ICC, the ICC is there pagka walang judiciary na nag-ooperate sa isang bansa dahil nagkagiyera, dahil nasira lahat, when the economy has collapsed, et cetera, et cetera, for whatever reason, diyan papasok ang ICC. We have a functioning judiciary, and that's why I do not see the need for a foreigner to come and do the job for us, and to do the job for our judicial system. Our judicial system is perfectly capable of doing that, and it also raises a great many questions about jurisdiction and sovereignty. What is their jurisdiction to come here into the Philippines and conduct an investigation? Is that not a violation of our rights as a sovereign nation in the community of nations? Those questions need to be answered before they can be allowed to do any investigation.

Boy: Senator Bongbong, maraming salamat.

Bongbong: Oh my, that went very quickly. Maraming-maraming salamat.

Boy: Maraming-maraming salamat. Thank you for your time. God bless you at mabuhay ka.

Bongbong: Thank you very much.

Boy: Maraming-maraming salamat, at sa inyong lahat na sumama sa aming pag-uusap ni Senator Bongbong, maraming salamat. God bless you. Stay healthy, and good night. Mabuhay ang Pilipinas.